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Clarifications
Clarification 1: Problem types include finding area of composite shapes and determining missing dimensions.Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, the expectation is to know from memory a formula for the area of a rectangle and triangle.
Clarification 3: Dimensions are limited to positive rational numbers.
Benchmark Instructional Guide
Connecting Benchmarks/Horizontal Alignment
Terms from the K-12 Glossary
- Algorithm
- Area
- Rectangle
- Quadrilateral
- Triangle
Vertical Alignment
Previous Benchmarks
Next Benchmarks
Purpose and Instructional Strategies
Students will use their understanding from grade 5 of finding the perimeter and area of rectangles with fractional or decimal sides to finding the areas of quadrilaterals and composite figures with positive rational number side lengths in grade 6 (MTR.1.1, MTR.2.1). Students will extend this knowledge in grade 7 to decompose composite figures into triangles and quadrilaterals in order to find area.- Instruction includes finding missing dimensions with quadrilaterals and composite figures (MTR.1.1, MTR.5.1).
- Instruction includes representing measurements for area as square units, units squared or units2.
- When using rational numbers, instruction is restricted to numbers within the same form. Students should not be penalized though if they convert from one form to another when performing operations.
- For example, if students are working with fractions, the side lengths will not include decimals. If students are working with decimals, the side lengths will not include fractions.
- Students should look for opportunities to either decompose or compose shapes to enhance their geometric reasoning.
- For example, in the diagram below, students can solve by decomposing or by composing.Area = (18·7)− (6·7) = 105 cm2
Area = (12·7)+ (6·7) = 105 cm2
- For example, in the diagram below, students can solve by decomposing or by composing.
- Problem types include having students measure lengths using a ruler to determine the area.
Common Misconceptions or Errors
- Students may invert the perimeter and area formulas.
- Students may incorrectly label all sides of the figure.
- Students may incorrectly identify a side of a triangle as the height.
Strategies to Support Tiered Instruction
- Teacher reviews the definitions of surface area and volume, and co-creates an anchor chart to display in the room explaining each. Providing flash cards or cue cards with the formulas will help students in place of anchor charts when they are outside the classroom area.
- Teacher models the use of different color markers or pencils to match similar sides when decomposing figures. This will help student accurately label the sides of each shape.
- Use manipulatives that students can measure to better understand there is a difference between a side length and the height in non-right triangles.
- Teacher models the use of manipulatives and geometric software to review the concept of perimeter or area.
- Teacher models the use of manipulatives shapes to reinforce the sides of the pieces that make up a decomposed figure.
- Teacher models the use of manipulatives that students can measure to better understand there is a difference between a side length and the height in non-right triangles.
Instructional Tasks
Instructional Task 1 (MTR.1.1, MTR.2.1, MTR.5.1)The diagram shows the dimensions, in feet, of the local playground. While playing with friends, Shona lost the key to her diary somewhere in the dirt. By composing or decomposing into rectangles, determine the maximum number of square feet that Shona may need to search to find the missing key? If she only searched one rectangular area, what is the least number of square feet Shona searched?
Instructional Items
Instructional Item 1A pentagon is shown. What is the area, in square inches, of the pentagon? Image not to scale.
Instructional Item 2
Mr. Moretti wants to cover the walkway around his swimming pool with tile. Determine how many square feet of tile he will need to cover the shaded portion of the diagram.
*The strategies, tasks and items included in the B1G-M are examples and should not be considered comprehensive.
Related Courses
Related Access Points
Related Resources
Formative Assessments
Lesson Plans
Original Student Tutorial
Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea
Problem-Solving Tasks
Tutorials
STEM Lessons - Model Eliciting Activity
This MEA will have students determining the safest and most cost effective material to use when building a tree house.They will do this by calculating surface area and determining cost.
Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought processes. MEAs follow a problem-based, student-centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEAs visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx
The client is going to have a party and is in need of tables for a certain number of guests. The team needs to use a variety of tables that will fit the number of guests that are attending the party. The students will understand area and perimeter through this activity.
Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx
MFAS Formative Assessments
Students are asked to find the area of a kite by composing it into rectangles or decomposing it into triangles.
Students are asked to find the area of a trapezoid and a parallelogram by composing or decomposing into triangles and rectangles.
Students are asked to solve a problem involving finding the area of a composite plane figure.
Original Student Tutorials Mathematics - Grades 6-8
Student Resources
Original Student Tutorial
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Problem-Solving Tasks
Students are asked to determine and illustrate all possible descriptions for the base and height of a given triangle.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
Students are asked to demonstrate two different strategies for finding the area of polygons shown on grids.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
This problem provides an interesting geometric context to work on the notion of percent. Two different methods for analyzing the geometry are provided: the first places the two squares next to one another and then moves one so that they overlap. The second solution sets up an equation to find the overlap in terms of given information which reflects the mathematical ideas reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
Tutorials
This Khan Academy tutorial video illustrates how to find the volume of an irregular solid figure by dividing the figure into two rectangular prisms and finding the volume of each. Although the tutorial works from a drawing, individual volume cubes are not drawn so students must work from the formula.
Type: Tutorial
This Khan Academy tutorial video illustrates finding the volume of an irregular figure made up of unit cubes by separating the figure into two rectangular prisms and finding the volume of each part.
Type: Tutorial
This tutorial demonstrates how the area of an irregular geometric shape may be determined by decomposition to smaller familiar shapes.
Type: Tutorial
Parent Resources
Problem-Solving Tasks
Students are asked to determine and illustrate all possible descriptions for the base and height of a given triangle.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
Students are asked to demonstrate two different strategies for finding the area of polygons shown on grids.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
This problem provides an interesting geometric context to work on the notion of percent. Two different methods for analyzing the geometry are provided: the first places the two squares next to one another and then moves one so that they overlap. The second solution sets up an equation to find the overlap in terms of given information which reflects the mathematical ideas reason about and solve one-variable equations and inequalities.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
