Standard 2: Build a foundation of addition, subtraction and multiplication operations with fractions.

This fun and interactive game helps practice estimation skills, using various operations of choice, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, using decimals, fractions, and percents.

Various levels of difficulty make this game appropriate for multiple age and ability levels.

Addition/Subtraction: The addition and subtraction of whole numbers, the addition and subtraction of decimals.

Multiplication/Division: The multiplication and addition of whole numbers.

Percentages: Identify the percentage of a whole number.

Fractions: Multiply and divide a whole number by a fraction, as well as apply properties of operations.

Type: Educational Game

Students are asked to multiply a fraction by a whole number to solve a word problem and to represent the product with a visual fraction model.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students are asked to multiply an improper fraction by a whole number to solve a word problem and use a visual model or equation to represent the problem.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students are asked if an equation involving the sum of two fractions is true or false.  Then students are asked to find the sum of two fractions.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students express a fraction with a denominator of 10 as an equivalent fraction with a denominator of 100 and are then asked to add the fraction to another fraction with a denominator of 100.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students are asked if an equation is true or false. Then students are asked to find the sum of two fractions.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students are asked to multiply a fraction by a whole number and to represent the product with a visual fraction model.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students are asked to consider an equation involving multiplication of a fraction by a whole number and create a visual fraction model. Additionally, the student is asked to interpret multiplying the number of parts by the whole number.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students express a fraction with a denominator of 10 as an equivalent fraction with a denominator of 100 and are then asked to add the fraction to another fraction with a denominator of 100.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students use a visual fraction model to explain how many one sixths are in and record their work with an equation.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students are given pairs of mixed numbers to either add or subtract.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students are asked to solve a word problem that involves subtracting fractions with like denominators. Students then analyze a word problem involving subtraction of unlike unit quantities.

Type: Formative Assessment

Students are asked to use a visual fraction model to decompose three-fifths in two different ways.

Type: Formative Assessment

Illustrations that can be used for teaching and demonstrating fractions. Fractional representations are modeled in wedges of circles ("pieces of pie") and parts of polygons. There are also clipart images of numerical fractions, both proper and improper, from halves to twelfths. Fraction charts and fraction strips found in this collection can be used as manipulatives and are ready to print for classroom use.

Type: Image/Photograph

Students will calculate the total amount of trash at different locations in the community to determine which location has the most trash and explore ways a community can work together to prevent future trash buildup in this integrated lesson plan.

Type: Lesson Plan

Volunteering is vital to keeping any community safe, inviting, and running smoothly! In this lesson, students will work together to plan a volunteer project they would like to see happen in their community; as well as, create a budget for their project.

Type: Lesson Plan

The mayor wants to build a new park in town! Volunteer your time and help the mayor design an expense report with a given budget for the new park in this lesson.

Type: Lesson Plan

This lesson asks students to recommend which cookie the owners of The Cookie Jar should add to their menu. Before they make their decision, the students have to convert fractions so they have like denominators. Once they have converted the fractions they will be able to see exactly how many people voted for each cookie and they can factor in that information along with additional cookie facts to make their final recommendation.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought processes. MEAs follow a problem-based, student-centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEAs visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

In this lesson, students solve word problems related to races to determine addends of fractions with like denominators that sum to a fraction that is less than or equal to one and has the same denominator as the addends. The focus is on addition, decomposing a fraction into a sum of fractions in more than one way, drawing linear models, and writing equations to represent the problems.

Type: Lesson Plan

In this inquiry lesson students will use a situational story to explore ways to find the total quantity of a fraction multiplied by a whole number using various models.

Type: Lesson Plan

In this lesson students will explore ways to find the product of mixed numbers multiplied by a whole number using a real-world situation.

Type: Lesson Plan

This lesson provides a conceptual approach to multiplying a fraction times a whole number and a whole number times a fraction.  Students are to use an understanding of the meaning of the denominator and numerator to figure out a strategy for finding the solution. 

Type: Lesson Plan

Students engage in problem solving to explore the addition and subtraction of fractions with like denominators. Students make sense of the structure of addition and subtraction equations with like denominators and make generalizations to move from using manipulatives, pictures and number lines to simply adding or subtracting the numerator.

Type: Lesson Plan

Students will use unit fractions, and counting on or back by unit fractions, to solve addition and subtraction real world problems.

Type: Lesson Plan

Students generate and describe a numerical pattern using the multiplication and subtraction of fractions.

Type: Lesson Plan

Using circle fraction manipulative, students will decompose fractions to discover adding fractions with like denominators. 

Type: Lesson Plan

Students will link multiplication of a whole number times a fraction with repeated addition and fraction circle manipulative. 

Type: Lesson Plan

Students will relate multiplication strategies with fractions through problem solving situations. This lesson connects prior understanding of multiplication and equal groups to multiplication of fractions.

Type: Lesson Plan

In this lesson students are guided through the process of multiplying a whole number and a fraction in a real-world situation.  The lesson uses the number line to explain the process.

Type: Lesson Plan

Students will multiply a whole number by a fraction through set models and problem solving.

Type: Lesson Plan

Learn about equivalent 10ths and 100ths and how to calculate these equivalent fractions at the fair in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Find the total amounts of repeated fraction quantities by multiplying a fraction by a whole number using visual models that represent real-world problems and cookies in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Learn how to decompose a fraction into a sum of fractions with common denominators with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

What roles do exploration, procedural reliability, automaticity, and procedural fluency play in a student's journey through the B.E.S.T. benchmarks? Dr. Lawrence Gray explains the path through the B.E.S.T. mathematics benchmarks in this Expert Perspectives video.

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for teaching adding fractions in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

Type: Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for connecting partitioning circles and circle graphs in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

Type: Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for decomposing fractions in multiple ways in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

Type: Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for using pattern blocks to explore fraction concepts in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

Type: Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

The purpose of this task is adding fractions with a focus on tenths and hundredths. 

Type: Problem-Solving Task

This task is a straightforward task related to adding fractions with the same denominator. The main purpose is to emphasize that there are many ways to decompose a fraction as a sum of fractions.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

The purpose of this task is for students to show they understand the connection between fraction and decimal notation by writing the same numbers both ways. Comparing and contrasting the two solutions shown below shows why decimal notation can be confusing. The first solution shows the briefest way to represent each number, and the second solution makes all the zeros explicit.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

The purpose of this task is to help students understand and articulate the reasons for the steps in the usual algorithm for converting a mixed number into an equivalent fraction. Step two shows that the algorithm is merely a shortcut for finding a common denominator between two fractions. This concept is an important precursor to adding mixed numbers and fractions with like denominators and as such, step two should be a point of emphasis. This task is appropriate for either instruction or formative assessment.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

This task provides a familiar context allowing students to visualize multiplication of a fraction by a whole number. This task could form part of a very rich activity which includes studying soda can labels.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

This task provides a context where it is appropriate for students to subtract fractions with a common denominator; it could be used for either assessment or instructional purposes. For this particular task, teachers should anticipate two types of solution approaches: one where students subtract the whole numbers and the fractions separately and one where students convert the mixed numbers to improper fractions and then proceed to subtract.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

The purpose of this task is to have students think about the meaning of multiplying a number by a fraction, and use this burgeoning understanding of fraction multiplication to make sense of the commutative property of multiplication in the case of fractions.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

The purpose of this task is to have students add mixed numbers with like denominators. This task illustrates the different kinds of solution approaches students might take to such a task. Two general approaches should be anticipated: one where students calculate exactly how many buckets of blocks the boys have to determine an answer, and one where students compare the given numbers to benchmark numbers.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

The Khan Academy tutorial video presents a visual fraction model for adding 3/10 + 7/100 .

Type: Tutorial

In this Khan Academy video visual fraction models are used to represent the multiplication of a whole number times a fraction.

Type: Tutorial

This Khan Academy video uses authentic pictures to present addition of two fractions with common denominators.

Type: Tutorial

This Khan Academy video solves two word problems using visual fraction models.

Type: Tutorial

In this web-based tutorial, students learn procedures for adding fractions with like and unlike denominators. The tutorial includes visual representations of the problems using pizzas, animations of the algorithm, and links to related lessons, worksheets, and practice problems.

Type: Tutorial

This virtual manipulative allows individual students to work with fraction relationships. (There is also a link to a two-player version.)

Type: Virtual Manipulative