Standard 3: Develop an understanding of addition and subtraction operations with one-digit whole numbers.

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General Information
Number: MA.K.NSO.3
Title: Develop an understanding of addition and subtraction operations with one-digit whole numbers.
Type: Standard
Subject: Mathematics (B.E.S.T.)
Grade: K
Strand: Number Sense and Operations

Related Benchmarks

This cluster includes the following benchmarks.

Related Access Points

This cluster includes the following access points.

Access Points

MA.K.NSO.3.AP.1
Explore addition and subtraction of two whole numbers within 5 using objects.
MA.K.NSO.3.AP.2
Apply a strategy for adding and subtracting two one-digit whole numbers to solve within 5.

Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this topic.

Formative Assessments

Fluency Within Five:

Students are asked to orally provide answers to a mixed probe of addition and subtraction (within five) problems.

Type: Formative Assessment

Fluency Within Five – Plus Ones and Minus Ones:

Students are asked to orally provide answers to a mixed probe of addition and subtraction (within five) problems that focus on adding one and subtracting one.

Type: Formative Assessment

Decomposing Six:

Students use manipulatives to decompose six in more than one way.

Type: Formative Assessment

Fluency Within Five – Addition Only:

Students are asked to orally provide answers to addition (within five) problems.

Type: Formative Assessment

Fluency Within Five – Subtraction Only:

Students are asked to orally provide answers to subtraction (within five) problems.

Type: Formative Assessment

Lesson Plans

Who Is Your Pilot?:

Engage students in a fun game of guessing by integrating science and math skills. Students keep track of how many pilots are still in the group as they eliminate some each round based on their partner's answer related to observable characteristics. This lesson is based on the CPALMS eReader, "Ten Little Pilots," resource #217323.

Type: Lesson Plan

Quacking Addition – Sums within Ten:

This activity deepens the students' understanding of addition and recording addition sentences by using an engaging story about ducks in a pond.

Type: Lesson Plan

Counting Fingers:

In this lesson, students will use their fingers and manipulatives to help solve simple addition problems within 5.

Type: Lesson Plan

SPLASH! Jumping In and Out of the Pond:

In this lesson, students will use manipulatives and equations to represent and solve addition and subtraction word problems.

Type: Lesson Plan

Balancing Equations:

This is an engaging, hands-on lesson to help the students understand the meaning of the equal sign. The lesson is written using a pan/equal arm balance but may be done with just connecting cubes.

Type: Lesson Plan

You Are a Smart Cookie:

The students will use M&M's to find the number that makes 10, for any number from 1 to 9, when added to the given number. Students will record the answer as both a drawing and an equation.

Type: Lesson Plan

All Together Now - or NOT - Part II:

In this lesson, students will use manipulatives and equations to model and solve subtraction equations.

Type: Lesson Plan

All Together Now, Part 1:

In this lesson students will use manipulatives and equations to model bringing together two smaller groups to make one large group. This is part one of a two part series. Part 2 is titled "All Together Now- or NOT" (Resource 49796).

Type: Lesson Plan

Ten is a Friend!:

Students will learn about the concept of ones and tens and how 10 is a friendly number that we can utilize in various ways in mathematics. They will physically manipulate snap cubes to make a ten train and add on randomly selected ones that will include the numbers 11-19. After that students will draw representations of the numbers 11-19 and finally write the two-digit number that a ten train and a selected group of ones will create.

Type: Lesson Plan

Monster Math - Composing and Decomposing the Number 10:

This activity will have students finding ways to make ten. Students use two colors of linking cubes to make and record equations of ten.

Type: Lesson Plan

One more up on top:

Students will be able to describe how adding by one is like counting up or on.

Type: Lesson Plan

Ten Red Apples - One less:

This activity practices taking one away from a number to compose an equation.

Type: Lesson Plan

Going Loopy for Addition:

The students will partner up and use Fruit Loops to represent addition equations with sums up to 10. They will draw, act out, use verbal explanations and write equations to show addition.

Type: Lesson Plan

10 Fat Turkeys – Practice with Subtracting One Within Ten:

In this lesson, students will work with subtraction within 10 by taking 1 away from a number.

Type: Lesson Plan

Addition Story Problem Fun:

In this lesson, students will act out situations as an introduction to story problems. Students will also have the opportunity to solve addition story problems using manipulatives.

Type: Lesson Plan

Decompose That Teen Number!:

The students will receive explicit instruction from the teacher on the definition of decomposing a number and how to represent a decomposition with manipulatives, drawings, and equations. The students will use linking cubes to reflect numbers from 11-19, and to show their understanding of how to decompose a number. Students will record decompositions as an equation.

Type: Lesson Plan

How Many Goldfish?:

In this lesson, students will solve addition and subtraction word problems using Goldfish crackers. Students will also work with a partner to create and solve their own addition and subtraction word problems.

Type: Lesson Plan

My Fact Family:

Students will use cut out people shapes and number cards to create two addition equations and two subtraction equations using the same three numbers of a fact family to explore related addition and subtraction facts.

Type: Lesson Plan

Perspectives Video: Experts

Basic Addition Strategies:

Explore strategies students may use to solve basic addition facts and ways to support their understanding by watching this video.

FCR-STEM’s Count Us In! initiative is designed to support out-of-school providers and parents in fostering math success and enjoyment among K-5 children.

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

B.E.S.T. Journey:

What roles do exploration, procedural reliability, automaticity, and procedural fluency play in a student's journey through the B.E.S.T. benchmarks? Dr. Lawrence Gray explains the path through the B.E.S.T. mathematics benchmarks in this Expert Perspectives video.

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

Perspectives Video: Teaching Ideas

The Van de Walle Dot Matrix: A tool to support concepts from counting to multiplying polynomials:

Unlock an effective teaching tool that can help students all the way from basic counting principles to multiplying polynomials.

Dot Matrix sheet is available for dowload here.

Type: Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

Connecting Geometry to Numbers:

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for connecting geometry and numbers in order to build number sense in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

Type: Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

Equations on the Math Balance:

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for teaching inequalities and equations with the math balance in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

Type: Perspectives Video: Teaching Idea

Tutorials

Making Ten on a Ten Frame and Using Equations and Symbols:

Using a ten-frame as a model, you will learn how to use equations to join two addends, one addend unknown, to make 10.

Type: Tutorial

Making Five on a Five Frame and Using Equations and Symbols:

Using a five-frame as a model, you will learn how to use equations to join two addends, to make 5.

Type: Tutorial

Change Unknown - 3 + ? = 10:

In this tutorial, you will learn to find the unknown change in an equation with a sum of 10: 3 + ? = 10.

Type: Tutorial

Subtraction - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in a subtraction equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Addition - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in an addition equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Worksheets

Ten Frame:

Ten Frame

Type: Worksheet

Hundred Chart:

Hundred Chart

Type: Worksheet

Double Ten Frame:

Double Ten Frame

Type: Worksheet

0-10 Number line:

0-10 Number line

Type: Worksheet

Tens and Ones Place Value Chart:

Tens and Ones Place Value Chart

Type: Worksheet

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Tutorials

Making Ten on a Ten Frame and Using Equations and Symbols:

Using a ten-frame as a model, you will learn how to use equations to join two addends, one addend unknown, to make 10.

Type: Tutorial

Making Five on a Five Frame and Using Equations and Symbols:

Using a five-frame as a model, you will learn how to use equations to join two addends, to make 5.

Type: Tutorial

Change Unknown - 3 + ? = 10:

In this tutorial, you will learn to find the unknown change in an equation with a sum of 10: 3 + ? = 10.

Type: Tutorial

Subtraction - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in a subtraction equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Addition - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in an addition equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Worksheets

Ten Frame:

Ten Frame

Type: Worksheet

Hundred Chart:

Hundred Chart

Type: Worksheet

0-10 Number line:

0-10 Number line

Type: Worksheet

Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Perspectives Video: Expert

Basic Addition Strategies:

Explore strategies students may use to solve basic addition facts and ways to support their understanding by watching this video.

FCR-STEM’s Count Us In! initiative is designed to support out-of-school providers and parents in fostering math success and enjoyment among K-5 children.

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

Tutorials

Making Ten on a Ten Frame and Using Equations and Symbols:

Using a ten-frame as a model, you will learn how to use equations to join two addends, one addend unknown, to make 10.

Type: Tutorial

Change Unknown - 3 + ? = 10:

In this tutorial, you will learn to find the unknown change in an equation with a sum of 10: 3 + ? = 10.

Type: Tutorial

Subtraction - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in a subtraction equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Addition - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in an addition equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Worksheet

Ten Frame:

Ten Frame

Type: Worksheet