Standard 3 : Develop an understanding of addition and subtraction operations with one-digit whole numbers.



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General Information

Number: MA.K.NSO.3
Title: Develop an understanding of addition and subtraction operations with one-digit whole numbers.
Type: Standard
Subject: Mathematics (B.E.S.T.)
Grade: K
Strand: Number Sense and Operations

Related Benchmarks

This cluster includes the following benchmarks
Code Description
MA.K.NSO.3.1: Explore addition of two whole numbers from 0 to 10, and related subtraction facts.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes objects, fingers, drawings, number lines and equations.

Clarification 2: Instruction focuses on the connection that addition is “putting together” or “counting on” and that subtraction is “taking apart” or “taking from.” Refer to Situations Involving Operations with Numbers (Appendix A)

Clarification 3: Within this benchmark, it is the expectation that one problem can be represented in multiple ways and understanding how the different representations are related to each other.

MA.K.NSO.3.2: Add two one-digit whole numbers with sums from 0 to 10 and subtract using related facts with procedural reliability.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction focuses on helping a student choose a method they can use reliably.


Related Access Points

This cluster includes the following access points.

Access Points

Access Point Number Access Point Title
MA.K.NSO.3.AP.1: Explore addition and subtraction of two whole numbers within 5 using objects.
MA.K.NSO.3.AP.2: Apply a strategy for adding and subtracting two one-digit whole numbers to solve within 5.


Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this topic.

Formative Assessments

Name Description
Fluency Within Five:

Students are asked to orally provide answers to a mixed probe of addition and subtraction (within five) problems.

Fluency Within Five – Plus Ones and Minus Ones:

Students are asked to orally provide answers to a mixed probe of addition and subtraction (within five) problems that focus on adding one and subtracting one.

Decomposing Six:

Students use manipulatives to decompose six in more than one way.

Fluency Within Five – Addition Only:

Students are asked to orally provide answers to addition (within five) problems.

Fluency Within Five – Subtraction Only:

Students are asked to orally provide answers to subtraction (within five) problems.

Lesson Plans

Name Description
Quacking Addition – Sums within Ten:

This activity deepens the students' understanding of addition and recording addition sentences by using an engaging story about ducks in a pond.

Counting Fingers:

In this lesson, students will use their fingers and manipulatives to help solve simple addition problems within 5.

SPLASH! Jumping In and Out of the Pond:

In this lesson, students will use manipulatives and equations to represent and solve addition and subtraction word problems.

Balancing Equations:

This is an engaging, hands-on lesson to help the students understand the meaning of the equal sign. The lesson is written using a pan/equal arm balance but may be done with just connecting cubes.

You Are a Smart Cookie:

The students will use M&M's to find the number that makes 10, for any number from 1 to 9, when added to the given number. Students will record the answer as both a drawing and an equation.

All Together Now - or NOT - Part II:

In this lesson, students will use manipulatives and equations to model and solve subtraction equations.

All Together Now, Part 1:

In this lesson students will use manipulatives and equations to model bringing together two smaller groups to make one large group. This is part one of a two part series. Part 2 is titled "All Together Now- or NOT" (Resource 49796).

Ten is a Friend!:

Students will learn about the concept of ones and tens and how 10 is a friendly number that we can utilize in various ways in mathematics. They will physically manipulate snap cubes to make a ten train and add on randomly selected ones that will include the numbers 11-19. After that students will draw representations of the numbers 11-19 and finally write the two-digit number that a ten train and a selected group of ones will create.

Monster Math - Composing and Decomposing the Number 10:

This activity will have students finding ways to make ten. Students use two colors of linking cubes to make and record equations of ten.

One more up on top:

Students will be able to describe how adding by one is like counting up or on.

Ten Red Apples - One less:

This activity practices taking one away from a number to compose an equation.

Going Loopy for Addition:

The students will partner up and use Fruit Loops to represent addition equations with sums up to 10. They will draw, act out, use verbal explanations and write equations to show addition.

10 Fat Turkeys – Practice with Subtracting One Within Ten:

In this lesson, students will work with subtraction within 10 by taking 1 away from a number.

Addition Story Problem Fun:

In this lesson, students will act out situations as an introduction to story problems. Students will also have the opportunity to solve addition story problems using manipulatives.

Decompose That Teen Number!:

The students will receive explicit instruction from the teacher on the definition of decomposing a number and how to represent a decomposition with manipulatives, drawings, and equations. The students will use linking cubes to reflect numbers from 11-19, and to show their understanding of how to decompose a number. Students will record decompositions as an equation.

How Many Goldfish?:

In this lesson, students will solve addition and subtraction word problems using Goldfish crackers. Students will also work with a partner to create and solve their own addition and subtraction word problems.

Perspectives Video: Expert

Name Description
B.E.S.T. Journey:

What roles do exploration, procedural reliability, automaticity, and procedural fluency play in a student's journey through the B.E.S.T. benchmarks? Dr. Lawrence Gray explains the path through the B.E.S.T. maththematics benchmarks in this Expert Perspectives video.

Perspectives Video: Teaching Ideas

Name Description
The Van de Walle Dot Matrix: A tool to support concepts from counting to multiplying polynomials:

Unlock an effective teaching tool that can help students all the way from basic counting principles to multiplying polynomials.

Dot Matrix sheet is available for dowload here.

Connecting Geometry to Numbers:

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for connecting geometry and numbers in order to build number sense in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

Equations on the Math Balance:

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for teaching inequalities and equations with the math balance in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

Tutorials

Name Description
Making Ten on a Ten Frame and Using Equations and Symbols:
Making Five on a Five Frame and Using Equations and Symbols:

Using a five-frame as a model, you will learn how to use equations to join two addends, to make 5.

Change Unknown - 3 + ? = 10:

In this tutorial, you will learn to find the unknown change in an equation with a sum of 10: 3 + ? = 10.

Subtraction - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in a subtraction equation relating to three whole numbers.

Addition - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in an addition equation relating to three whole numbers.



Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Tutorials

Title Description
Making Ten on a Ten Frame and Using Equations and Symbols:
Making Five on a Five Frame and Using Equations and Symbols:

Using a five-frame as a model, you will learn how to use equations to join two addends, to make 5.

Change Unknown - 3 + ? = 10:

In this tutorial, you will learn to find the unknown change in an equation with a sum of 10: 3 + ? = 10.

Subtraction - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in a subtraction equation relating to three whole numbers.

Addition - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in an addition equation relating to three whole numbers.



Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Tutorials

Title Description
Making Ten on a Ten Frame and Using Equations and Symbols:
Change Unknown - 3 + ? = 10:

In this tutorial, you will learn to find the unknown change in an equation with a sum of 10: 3 + ? = 10.

Subtraction - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in a subtraction equation relating to three whole numbers.

Addition - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in an addition equation relating to three whole numbers.