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- Use context (e.g., the overall meaning of a sentence or paragraph; a word’s position or function in a sentence) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.
- Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., belligerent, bellicose, rebel).
- Consult general and specialized reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning or its part of speech.
- Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase (e.g., by checking the inferred meaning in context or in a dictionary).
-
Item Type(s):
This benchmark may be assessed using:
EBSR
,
MS
,
MC
,
OR
,
GR
,
SHT
,
DDHT
item(s)
Assessed with: LAFS.7.RL.2.4, LAFS.7.L.3.5
- Assessment Limits :
Items should focus on grade-appropriate words. Items should not focus on dictionary-based word meanings but should focus on how a word or phrase functions within the context of the passage. Items should focus on words and phrases that have figurative or allusive meanings central to the meaning of the text rather than isolated, incidental vocabulary. Items may ask about words with discrete context clues in close proximity or words whose meaning is conveyed more implicitly throughout the passage. Items should not focus on describing the rhymes or sounds of a verse or drama, but rather how these elements influence a certain section of the passage. Items may ask the student to employ various strategies to explore word meaning, including the application of context clues, roots, or affixes. Items may require the student to make connections between words and to delve into figurative or connotative meanings. - Text Types :
Items assessing these standards may be used with one or more grade-appropriate literary texts. Texts may vary in complexity - Response Mechanisms :
The Technology-Enhanced Item Descriptions section on pages 3 and 4 provides a list of Response Mechanisms that may be used to assess these standards (excluding the Editing Task Choice and Editing Task item types). The Sample Response Mechanisms may include, but are not limited to, the examples below. - Task Demand and Sample Response Mechanisms :
Task Demand
Determine the meaning of words or phrases by using context clues.Sample Response Mechanisms
Multiple Choice
- Requires the student to select the meaning of a word or phrase from the passage.
Multiselect
- Requires the student to select multiple correct meanings of a word or phrase from the passage.
EBSR
- Requires the student to select a word’s or phrase’s meaning and then to select context clues from the text to support the meaning.
Selectable Hot Text
- Requires the student to select a word’s or phrase’s meaning and then to select context clues from the text to support the meaning.
Task Demand
Analyze the impact of rhymes and other repetitions of sounds on a specific verse or stanza of a poem or section of a story or drama.
Sample Response Mechanisms
Selectable Hot Text
- Requires the student to analyze alliteration or other repetitions of sound in a text and then how that impacts the meaning or tone of the text.
Multiple Choice
- Requires the student to select the impact of rhymes on a certain section of the text.
Multiselect
- Requires the student to select multiple ways in which rhymes or other repetitions of sounds affect a certain section of the text.
Open Response
- Requires the student to explain how rhymes or other repetitions of sounds affect the text’s meaning or tone.
Task Demand
Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word.
Sample Response Mechanisms
Multiple Choice
- Requires the student to determine how common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots may provide clues to the meaning of a word.
Task Demand
Interpret figures of speech (e.g., literary, biblical, and mythological allusions) in context.
Sample Response Mechanisms
Multiple Choice
- Requires the student to select the meaning of figurative language from the passage.
EBSR
- Requires the student to select the meaning of figurative language and then to select context clues from the text to support the meaning.
Selectable Hot Text
- Requires the student to select the meaning of figurative language and then to select context clues from the text to support the meaning.
Multiselect
- Requires the student to select multiple pieces of textual evidence that act as context clues when determining the meaning of figurative language.
Task Demand
Use the relationship between particular words (e.g., synonym/antonym, analogy) to better understand each of the words.
Sample Response Mechanisms
Multiple Choice
- Requires the student to select how a relationship between two words serves as a context clue for the meaning of one of the words.
Drag-and-Drop Hot Text
- Requires the student to move words into a graphic organizer to demonstrate their relationship with one another.
GRID
- Requires the student to move words into a graphic organizer to demonstrate their relationship with one another.
Task Demand
Distinguish among the connotations (associations) of words with similar denotations (definitions) (e.g., refined, respectful, polite, diplomatic, condescending).
Sample Response Mechanisms
Multiple Choice
- Requires the student to select the reason an author chose a particular word or phrase instead of a word or phrase with a similar denotation.
- Requires the student to select a different word or phrase that would maintain the connotation of a word or phrase in the text.
Multiselect
- Requires the student to select multiple ways a different word choice might change the tone or meaning of the text.
Drag-and-Drop Hot Text
- Requires the student to match words with similar denotations with the change in connotation each word has to the original word.
Related Courses
Related Access Points
Related Resources
Lesson Plans
Original Student Tutorials
STEM Lessons - Model Eliciting Activity
In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will explore human impact on the Earth as well as to look at workable solutions that they can implement in order to minimize this impact. This MEA focuses on water sustainability as defined by the EPA and requires that the students explore several Low Impact Development (LID) options to implement at school.
Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought processes. MEAs follow a problem-based, student-centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEAs visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx
Original Student Tutorials for Language Arts - Grades 6-12
Learn to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words by examining their word parts. In this interactive tutorial, you'll practice using prefixes and root words to determine the meanings of unfamiliar words.
Learn how to use context clues—including definitions, synonyms, and antonyms—to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words in this baseball-themed, interactive tutorial.
Learn about three roots from ancient Latin and Greek — Per, Seque, and Mis — and practice using twelve modern words connected with these roots to build your vocabulary in this interactive tutorial.
Learn about 3 Latin roots (Am, Ab, and Ad) and 12 new words that feature those roots. In this interactive tutorial, you'll make some interesting language connections and hopefully add some new words to your vocabulary!
Learn about 3 Greek and Latin roots (spect, path, and omni) and 12 modern words that feature those roots. In this interactive tutorial, you'll practice using these words and hopefully add them to your vocabulary!
Learn about ancient Latin roots — Ante, Post, Scrib, and Script — and practice using twelve modern words connected with these roots to build your vocabulary in this interactive tutorial.
Learn about five roots from ancient Latin and Greek—frag, fract, cret, syn, and sym—and practice using twelve modern words connected with these roots to build your vocabulary in this interactive tutorial.
Learn 12 new academic vocabulary words in this interactive tutorial! You'll practice the words' synonyms, antonyms, parts of speech, and context clues in order to add them to your vocabulary.
Learn 12 new academic vocabulary words in this interactive tutorial! You'll practice the words' synonyms, antonyms, parts of speech, and context clues in order to add them to your vocabulary.
Learn 12 new academic vocabulary words using synonyms, antonyms, parts of speech, and context clues in this interactive tutorial.
Learn 12 new academic vocabulary terms in this interactive tutorial! You'll practice the words' synonyms, antonyms, parts of speech, and context clues in order to add them to your vocabulary.
Learn about Greek and Latin roots (anti, capit, bene, bon, and mal) and 12 modern words that feature those roots. In this interactive tutorial, you'll practice using these words and hopefully add them to your vocabulary!
Student Resources
Original Student Tutorials
Learn how to use context clues—including definitions, synonyms, and antonyms—to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words in this baseball-themed, interactive tutorial.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn about Greek and Latin roots (anti, capit, bene, bon, and mal) and 12 modern words that feature those roots. In this interactive tutorial, you'll practice using these words and hopefully add them to your vocabulary!
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn about ancient Latin roots — Ante, Post, Scrib, and Script — and practice using twelve modern words connected with these roots to build your vocabulary in this interactive tutorial.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn about three roots from ancient Latin and Greek — Per, Seque, and Mis — and practice using twelve modern words connected with these roots to build your vocabulary in this interactive tutorial.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn about five roots from ancient Latin and Greek—frag, fract, cret, syn, and sym—and practice using twelve modern words connected with these roots to build your vocabulary in this interactive tutorial.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn about 3 Latin roots (Am, Ab, and Ad) and 12 new words that feature those roots. In this interactive tutorial, you'll make some interesting language connections and hopefully add some new words to your vocabulary!
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn 12 new academic vocabulary terms in this interactive tutorial! You'll practice the words' synonyms, antonyms, parts of speech, and context clues in order to add them to your vocabulary.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn 12 new academic vocabulary words in this interactive tutorial! You'll practice the words' synonyms, antonyms, parts of speech, and context clues in order to add them to your vocabulary.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn 12 new academic vocabulary words in this interactive tutorial! You'll practice the words' synonyms, antonyms, parts of speech, and context clues in order to add them to your vocabulary.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn 12 new academic vocabulary words using synonyms, antonyms, parts of speech, and context clues in this interactive tutorial.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words by examining their word parts. In this interactive tutorial, you'll practice using prefixes and root words to determine the meanings of unfamiliar words.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Learn about 3 Greek and Latin roots (spect, path, and omni) and 12 modern words that feature those roots. In this interactive tutorial, you'll practice using these words and hopefully add them to your vocabulary!
Type: Original Student Tutorial
