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- Describe situations in which opposite quantities combine to make 0. For example, a hydrogen atom has 0 charge because its two constituents are oppositely charged.
- Understand p + q as the number located a distance |q| from p, in the positive or negative direction depending on whether q is positive or negative. Show that a number and its opposite have a sum of 0 (are additive inverses). Interpret sums of rational numbers by describing real-world contexts.
- Understand subtraction of rational numbers as adding the additive inverse, p – q = p + (–q). Show that the distance between two rational numbers on the number line is the absolute value of their difference, and apply this principle in real-world contexts.
- Apply properties of operations as strategies to add and subtract rational numbers.
Remarks
Fluency Expectations or Examples of Culminating StandardsAdding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing rational numbers is the culmination of numerical work with the four basic operations. The number system will continue to develop in grade 8, expanding to become the real numbers by the introduction of irrational numbers, and will develop further in high school, expanding to become the complex numbers with the introduction of imaginary numbers. Because there are no specific standards for rational number arithmetic in later grades and because so much other work in grade 7 depends on rational number arithmetic, fluency with rational number arithmetic should be the goal in grade 7.
Clusters should not be sorted from Major to Supporting and then taught in that order. To do so would strip the coherence of the mathematical ideas and miss the opportunity to enhance the major work of the grade with the supporting clusters.
- Assessment Limits :
N/A
- Calculator :
Neutral
- Context :
Allowable
- Test Item #: Sample Item 1
- Question:
A number line is shown.
Use the Add Point tool to plot a point that is 14.5 units from 8 on the given number line.
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: GRID: Graphic Response Item Display
- Test Item #: Sample Item 2
- Question:
An expression is shown.
What is the value of the expression?
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: EE: Equation Editor
- Test Item #: Sample Item 3
- Question:
A number line is shown.
Jack knows that a + b = 0.
Which statement is true?
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: MC: Multiple Choice
- Test Item #: Sample Item 4
- Question:
An expression is shown.
Kendrick is using number lines to find the value of the expression. His first two steps are shown.
A. Use the Add Arrow tool to show the last two steps.
B. Select the value of the expression.
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: GRID: Graphic Response Item Display
- Test Item #: Sample Item 5
- Question:
An expression is shown.
What is the value of the expression?
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: EE: Equation Editor
- Test Item #: Sample Item 6
- Question:
The sum of a and b is c. The number line shows a and b.
Which statements about c are true?
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: MS: Multiselect
- Test Item #: Sample Item 7
- Question:
An expression is shown, where a < 0 and c > 0.
a + b = c
Drag the two points to the number line to show possible locations of a and b.
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: GRID: Graphic Response Item Display
Related Courses
Related Access Points
Related Resources
Educational Games
Formative Assessments
Lesson Plans
Original Student Tutorial
Problem-Solving Tasks
Teaching Idea
Tutorials
Video/Audio/Animations
Virtual Manipulative
STEM Lessons - Model Eliciting Activity
Based on a student-focused scenario encouraging healthier lifestyles, students will perform a close and careful reading of an article encouraging active and healthy lifestyles. During the lesson, students will analyze data from Consumer Reports comparing and contrasting treadmills and elliptical exercisers. Using information gathered, students will compile data and persuade administrators to buy equipment that will align with the provided budget and fit in the given space.
Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.
MFAS Formative Assessments
Students are asked to describe an example of additive inverse and demonstrate the concept on a number line.
Students are asked to find the difference between two integers using a number line.
Students are asked to rewrite a subtraction problem as an equivalent addition problem and explain the equivalence using a number line.
Students are asked to combine rational numbers, including fractions and decimals, and use the properties of operations to simplify calculations.
Original Student Tutorials Mathematics - Grades 6-8
Learn how to explain the meaning of additive inverse, identify the additive inverse of a given rational number, and justify your answer on a number line in this original tutorial.
Student Resources
Original Student Tutorial
Learn how to explain the meaning of additive inverse, identify the additive inverse of a given rational number, and justify your answer on a number line in this original tutorial.
Type: Original Student Tutorial
Educational Game
This interactive game has 4 categories: adding integers, subtracting integers, multiplying integers, and dividing integers. Students can play individually or in teams.
Type: Educational Game
Problem-Solving Tasks
The purpose of this task is meant to reinforce students' understanding of rational numbers as points on the number line and to provide them with a visual way of understanding that the sum of a number and its additive inverse (usually called its "opposite") is zero.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
In this task, students answer a question about the difference between two temperatures that are negative numbers.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
The purpose of this task is to help solidify students' understanding of signed numbers as points on a number line and to understand the geometric interpretation of adding and subtracting signed numbers. There is a subtle distinction between a fraction and a rational number. Fractions are always positive, and when thinking of the symbol ab as a fraction, it is possible to interpret it as a equal-sized pieces where b pieces make one whole.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
Tutorials
In this example, we will work with three numbers in different formats: a percent, a decimal, and a mixed number.
Type: Tutorial
In this tutorial, you will simplify expressions involving positive and negative fractions.
Type: Tutorial
This video demonstrates adding and subtracting decimals in the context of an overdrawn checking account.
Type: Tutorial
Practice substituting positive and negative values for variables.
Type: Tutorial
In this video, we will find the absolute value as distance between rational numbers.
Type: Tutorial
This video uses the number line to find unknown values in subtraction statements with negative numbers.
Type: Tutorial
This video asks you to select the model that matches the given expression.
Type: Tutorial
Use a number line to solve a word problem that includes a negative number.
Type: Tutorial
In this video, we figure out the temperature in Fairbanks, Alaska by adding and subtracting integers.
Type: Tutorial
This video demonstrates how to add and subtract negative fractions with unlike denominators.
Type: Tutorial
This video demonstrates use of a number line and absolute value to add negative numbers.
Type: Tutorial
This video demonstrates use of a number line to add numbers with positive and negative signs.
Type: Tutorial
Find out why subtracting a negative number is the same as adding the absolute value of that number.
Type: Tutorial
This video demonstrates adding and subtracting integers using a number line.
Type: Tutorial
A look behind the fundamental properties of the most basic arithmetic operation, addition
Type: Tutorial
Students will be able to see examples of addition of integers while watching a short video, and practice adding integers using an online quiz.
Type: Tutorial
Parent Resources
Problem-Solving Tasks
The purpose of this task is meant to reinforce students' understanding of rational numbers as points on the number line and to provide them with a visual way of understanding that the sum of a number and its additive inverse (usually called its "opposite") is zero.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
In this task, students answer a question about the difference between two temperatures that are negative numbers.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
The purpose of this task is to help solidify students' understanding of signed numbers as points on a number line and to understand the geometric interpretation of adding and subtracting signed numbers. There is a subtle distinction between a fraction and a rational number. Fractions are always positive, and when thinking of the symbol ab as a fraction, it is possible to interpret it as a equal-sized pieces where b pieces make one whole.
Type: Problem-Solving Task
Tutorial
Students will be able to see examples of addition of integers while watching a short video, and practice adding integers using an online quiz.
Type: Tutorial
