Clarification 2: Instruction focuses on recognizing that when an object is measured in two different units, fewer of the larger units are required. When comparing measurements of the same object in different units, measurement conversions are not expected.

Clarification 3: When estimating the size of an object, a comparison with an object of known size can be used.

2-3 Students include relevant textual evidence in their written and oral communication. Students should name the text when they refer to it. In 3rd grade, students should use a combination of direct and indirect citations.

4-5 Students continue with previous skills and reference comments made by speakers and peers. Students cite texts that they’ve directly quoted, paraphrased, or used for information. When writing, students will use the form of citation dictated by the instructor or the style guide referenced by the instructor. 

6-8 Students continue with previous skills and use a style guide to create a proper citation.

9-12 Students continue with previous skills and should be aware of existing style guides and the ways in which they differ.