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Remarks
Example: Joe and Anabel ordered pizza. Joe ate ½ of the pizza and Anabel ate 1/3 of the pizza. How much of the pizza was eaten and how much is left over?Fraction circles make a good model for this. To determine how much pizza was eaten altogether, a student may explain that the halves would each need to be split into 3 equal pieces (so that there would be 6 pieces all together) and the thirds would each need to be split into 2 equal pieces (so that there would be 6 pieces all together). Then 3/6 and 2/6 could be combined to see that altogether, 5/6 of the pizza was eaten.
When students add 1.45 + 3.24, they should be encouraged to say "five hundredths and 4 hundredths are added to give 9 hundredths, etc." rather than "five plus 4 is 9, etc."
Models for adding and subtracting decimals may include base ten blocks and ten and hundred grids.
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Item Type(s):
This benchmark may be assessed using:
MC
,
GR
item(s)
Also assesses MA.5.A.6.1 Identify and relate prime and composite numbers, factors, and multiples within the context of fractions.
- Clarification :
Students will add and subtract fractions or decimals using graphic representations, place value, or the commutative or associative properties. - Content Limits :
Items may include graphic representations of models.
Items may include decimals through the thousandths place or in the context of money.
Items may assess the commutative and/or associative properties.
Denominators of fractions in the stimulus must be less than or equal to 12.
Items may include mixed numbers and/or fractions.Items may include fractions represented as parts of sets (e.g., 1/2 dozen + 1/2 dozen).
Regrouping in subtraction problems or finding a mixed number may be included.
Items will not include more than three addends.
Students may be required to apply concepts from MA.5.A.6.1, but this benchmark will not be assessed in isolation. - Stimulus Attributes :
Graphic representations will be used in most items.
- Response Attributes :
Response to GR items may not be fractions.
Responses may contain fractions that are not simplified or in lowest terms. When a fraction must be simplified, the stem must indicate that the answer must be simplified or expressed in lowest terms.
- Test Item #: Sample Item 1
- Question: Mrs. Bradford served part of a pie for dessert. The shaded parts of the pictures below show how much of the pie was in the pie plate before and after dessert.
what fraction of the whole pie, expressed in lowest terms, was eaten for dessert?
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: MC: Multiple Choice
- Test Item #: Sample Item 2
- Question: Both Alex and Stephanie have some coins in their pockets. The shaded areas in the diagrams below represent the value of the coins they have.
what is the total value, in dollars, of the coins that alex and stephanie have?
- Difficulty: N/A
- Type: GR: Gridded-Response
Related Access Points
Related Resources
Educational Game
Image/Photograph
Lesson Plan
Teaching Idea
Tutorials
Virtual Manipulative
Student Resources
Educational Game
This interactive applet gives students practice in making change in U.S. dollars and in four other currencies. Students are presented with a purchase amount and the amount paid, and they must enter the quantity of each denomination that make up the correct change. Students are rewarded for correct answers and are shown the correct change if they err. There are four levels of difficulty, ranging from amounts less than a dollar to amounts over $100.
Type: Educational Game
Virtual Manipulative
This virtual manipulative allows individual students to work with fraction relationships. (There is also a link to a two-player version.)
Type: Virtual Manipulative
Parent Resources
Image/Photograph
Illustrations that can be used for teaching and demonstrating fractions. Fractional representations are modeled in wedges of circles ("pieces of pie") and parts of polygons. There are also clipart images of numerical fractions, both proper and improper, from halves to twelfths. Fraction charts and fraction strips found in this collection can be used as manipulatives and are ready to print for classroom use.
Type: Image/Photograph
Tutorial
In this web-based tutorial, students learn procedures for subtracting fractions. The tutorial includes visual representations of the problems using pizzas, animations of the algorithm, and links to related lessons, worksheets, and practice problems.
Type: Tutorial
