SC.6.L.14.6

Compare and contrast types of infectious agents that may infect the human body, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites.
General Information
Subject Area: Science
Grade: 6
Body of Knowledge: Life Science
Idea: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
Big Idea: Organization and Development of Living Organisms -

A. All living things share certain characteristics.

B. The scientific theory of cells, also called cell theory, is a fundamental organizing principle of life on Earth.

C. Life can be organized in a functional and structural hierarchy.

D. Life is maintained by various physiological functions essential for growth, reproduction, and homeostasis.

Date Adopted or Revised: 02/08
Date of Last Rating: 05/08
Status: State Board Approved
Assessed: Yes

Related Courses

This benchmark is part of these courses.
2002040: M/J Comprehensive Science 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
2002050: M/J Comprehensive Science 1, Advanced (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
2000010: M/J Life Science (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
2000020: M/J Life Science, Advanced (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
7820015: Access M/J Comprehensive Science 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2023, 2023 and beyond (current))
2002055: M/J Comprehensive Science 1 Accelerated Honors (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
7920035: Fundamental Integrated Science 2 (Specifically in versions: 2013 - 2015, 2015 - 2017 (course terminated))
2001100: M/J Coastal Science 1 (Specifically in versions: 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
2001105: M/J Coastal Science 2 (Specifically in versions: 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))

Related Access Points

Alternate version of this benchmark for students with significant cognitive disabilities.
SC.6.L.14.In.5: Recognize that bacteria and viruses can infect the human body.
SC.6.L.14.Su.4: Identify ways to prevent infection from bacteria and viruses, such as hand washing.
SC.6.L.14.Pa.4: Recognize practices that keep the body free from infection, such as hand washing.

Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Educational Games

MEDMYST: Infectious Diseases:

In MedMyst: Original students use the scientific method and science process skills to investigate infectious disease outbreaks. In Mission One: Orientation At O.R.B., students get an introduction to infectious diseases and pathogens. In Mission Two: Peril in Prokaryon, students learn about infectious pathogens and epidemiology while investigating a cholera outbreak. In Mission Three: Nemesis in Neuropolis, students learn about viruses and vaccines while investigating a smallpox case. In Mission Four: Malady in Mabuufo, students learn about malaria, the history of malaria research, and disease vectors. In Mission Five: Zero Hour Zoonoses, students learn about zoonotic pathogens and the diseases they cause, while trying to prevent a bioterror attack. All five missions have a teacher's guide with worksheets and additional activities.

Type: Educational Game

Disease: Cause and Effect:

The students will be able to identify one or more infectious diseases and their cause(s). The students will be able to list at least 3 ways that infectious diseases can be prevented.

Type: Educational Game

Lesson Plans

Zika Virus Arrives in the Americas:

In this lesson, students will analyze an informational text that describes the spread of the Zika virus through the Americas and its arrival in the United States. The text describes how the virus is carried by specific species of mosquitoes that are common in Florida and other warmer areas of the United States. An added concern with Zika is the link to microcephaly, a neurological disorder affecting fetuses and infants from infected mothers. The text also describes other viruses in the larger group that Zika belongs to and how these viruses affect the human body. This lesson is designed to support reading in the content area. The lesson plan includes a reading guide, text-dependent questions, a writing prompt, answer keys, and a writing rubric. Options to extend the lesson are also included.

Type: Lesson Plan

The Fizz Virus:

This is a lesson on viruses and a simulation on how diseases can spread.

Type: Lesson Plan

Disease "X" MEA:

Solve a problem as a team by designing a procedure to select the best approach to stop the spread of a virus throughout a population.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Immunity Lesson Plan:

This lesson plan has power point to support it. The lesson requires students to complete a project comparing bacteria, fungus, and viruses.

Type: Lesson Plan

Homeostasis and Human Body Systems:

***All activities from this lesson, with the exception of free alternative activities, are adapted from Florida Science Fusion Grade 6 Teacher's Manual and Lab Manual ©Holt McDougal***
This lesson addresses the structure and function of human body systems with emphasis on how organ systems collaborate to maintain homeostasis for an entire organism.

Type: Lesson Plan

Agents of Infection:

This is a collaborative lesson design by Lori Kern and Dawn Barone.

This lesson focuses on infectious agents (fungus, bacteria, virus and parasites). Students will be able experience a hands-on activity to reinforce the concepts addressed in this benchmark.

Type: Lesson Plan

How Viruses Spread:

Teaches three ways viruses can spread: cough, sneeze, and touch.

Type: Lesson Plan

Original Student Tutorials

Help! What Is Infecting my Body?! Part 2:

Take a microscopic journey into the immune system and the world of infectious fungi and parasites.

This is Part 2 in a two-part series of interactive tutorials. Click  to open Part 1.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Help! What Is Infecting My Body?! Part 1:

Take a microscopic journey into the immune system and the living and non-living worlds of bacteria and viruses.

This is Part 1 in a two-part series of interactive tutorials. Click to open Part 2.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Viral Infections and Pandemics:

Learn about viruses that can infect the human body, how they can cause epidemics and pandemics, and how best to protect yourself against infectious diseases like COVID-19 in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Infectious Agents: Agent Icky:

Help Agent Icky compare and contrast types of infectious agents that may infect the human body, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. By completing this interactive tutorial, maybe you can be a Microbe Buster one day too!

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Perspectives Video: Expert

Infectious Agents and Human Disease:

The good, the bad, and the ugly of infectious diseases.

Download the CPALMS Perspectives video student note taking guide.

Type: Perspectives Video: Expert

Text Resources

Zika Virus Raises Alarm as It Spreads in the Americas:

This resource is designed to support reading in the content area. The text describes the emergence of the Zika virus and the threat it may pose to the United States. Information is provided about how the virus is transmitted, and the connection between Zika and microcephaly is explored.

Type: Text Resource

Return of the Giant Zombie Virus:

This informational text resource is intended to support reading in the content area. The article discusses the amazing discovery of an ancient virus found frozen in the Russian permafrost after 30,000 years. The virus is huge in size and only infects amoebas. Amazingly, the virus is still infectious after remaining frozen for so long.

Type: Text Resource

Infected Cutting Boards:

This informational text resource is intended to support reading in the content area. How has bacteria evolved to be resistant to antibiotic drugs? Scientists have discovered that an ordinary kitchen item, the cutting board, can spread dangerous germs.

Type: Text Resource

Video/Audio/Animation

MIT BLOSSOMS - Discovering Medicines, Using Robots and Computers:

Scientists who are working to discover new medicines often use robots to prepare samples of cells, allowing them to test chemicals to identify those that might be used to treat diseases. Students will meet a scientist who works to identify new medicines. She created free software that "looks" at images of cells and determines which images show cells that have responded to the potential medicines. Students will learn about how this technology is currently enabling research to identify new antibiotics to treat tuberculosis. Students will complete hands-on activities that demonstrate how new medicines can be discovered using robots and computer software, starring the student as "the computer." In the process, the students learn about experimental design, including positive and negative controls. Students should have some introductory knowledge about the following topics: (1) biology: students should have a basic understanding of infection and good hygiene, they should know what bacteria and cells are; (2) chemistry: the students should know what a chemical compound (molecule) is. They should have an understanding that medicines, also called "drugs", are chemical compounds; (3) basic experimental design: students should understand the terms "samples" and "testing". All hand-outs necessary for this video lesson can be downloaded below.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

STEM Lessons - Model Eliciting Activity

Disease "X" MEA:

Solve a problem as a team by designing a procedure to select the best approach to stop the spread of a virus throughout a population.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Original Student Tutorials Science - Grades K-8

Help! What Is Infecting My Body?! Part 1:

Take a microscopic journey into the immune system and the living and non-living worlds of bacteria and viruses.

This is Part 1 in a two-part series of interactive tutorials. Click to open Part 2.

Help! What Is Infecting my Body?! Part 2:

Take a microscopic journey into the immune system and the world of infectious fungi and parasites.

This is Part 2 in a two-part series of interactive tutorials. Click  to open Part 1.

Infectious Agents: Agent Icky:

Help Agent Icky compare and contrast types of infectious agents that may infect the human body, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. By completing this interactive tutorial, maybe you can be a Microbe Buster one day too!

Viral Infections and Pandemics:

Learn about viruses that can infect the human body, how they can cause epidemics and pandemics, and how best to protect yourself against infectious diseases like COVID-19 in this interactive tutorial.

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Original Student Tutorials

Help! What Is Infecting my Body?! Part 2:

Take a microscopic journey into the immune system and the world of infectious fungi and parasites.

This is Part 2 in a two-part series of interactive tutorials. Click  to open Part 1.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Help! What Is Infecting My Body?! Part 1:

Take a microscopic journey into the immune system and the living and non-living worlds of bacteria and viruses.

This is Part 1 in a two-part series of interactive tutorials. Click to open Part 2.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Viral Infections and Pandemics:

Learn about viruses that can infect the human body, how they can cause epidemics and pandemics, and how best to protect yourself against infectious diseases like COVID-19 in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Infectious Agents: Agent Icky:

Help Agent Icky compare and contrast types of infectious agents that may infect the human body, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. By completing this interactive tutorial, maybe you can be a Microbe Buster one day too!

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.