Clarification 1: Students will recognize landmark Supreme Court cases (e.g., Marbury v. Madison; McCulloch v. Maryland; Dred Scott v. Sandford; Plessy v. Ferguson; Brown v. Board of Education; Gideon v. Wainwright; Miranda v. Arizona; Korematsu v. United States; Mapp v. Ohio; In re Gault; United States v. Nixon; Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier; District of Columbia v. Heller; Schenck v. United States; Brandenburg v. Ohio; Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College).

Clarification 2: Students will explain the foundational constitutional issues underlying landmark Supreme Court decisions related to the Bill of Rights and other amendments.

Clarification 3: Students will explain the outcomes of landmark Supreme Court cases related to the Bill of Rights and other amendments.

Clarification 1: Students will identify the individual rights protected by the U.S. Constitution, the Bill of Rights and other constitutional amendments.

Clarification 2: Students will describe the role of the Supreme Court in further defining the safeguards and limits of constitutional rights.

Clarification 1: Students will explain the role of the U.S. Constitution in interpreting law at the state and national levels.

Clarification 2: Students will explain the process used by judges at the state and national levels when making a decision or writing summary opinions.

Clarification 3: Students will incorporate language from the U.S. Constitution or court briefs to justify a legal decision when interpreting state or national law.