Standard 2: Understand the causes, course, and consequences of the Civil War and Reconstruction and its effects on the American people.

General Information
Number: SS.912.A.2
Title: Understand the causes, course, and consequences of the Civil War and Reconstruction and its effects on the American people.
Type: Standard
Subject: Social Studies
Grade: 912
Strand: American History

Related Benchmarks

This cluster includes the following benchmarks.

Related Access Points

This cluster includes the following access points.

Access Points

SS.912.A.2.AP.1
Recognize a major cause and consequence of the Civil War.
SS.912.A.2.AP.2
Describe the influence of significant people or groups on Reconstruction.
SS.912.A.2.AP.3
Recognize a major issue that divided Republicans during the early Reconstruction Era.
SS.912.A.2.AP.4
Recognize a freedom guaranteed to African Americans and other groups with the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution.
SS.912.A.2.AP.5
Describe how Jim Crow Laws influenced life for African Americans and other racial/ethnic minority groups.
SS.912.A.2.AP.6a
Identify one effect of the Black Codes and the Nadir on freed people.
SS.912.A.2.AP.6b
Identify the sharecropping and debt peonage system that was practiced in the United States.
SS.912.A.2.AP.7
Identify one of the Native American experiences during the westward expansion.

Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this topic.

Assessments

Quiz: The American West:

Test your knowledge of the Native American experience and Westward expansion in a 12-question multiple choice quiz provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Assessment

Quiz: The South After the Civil War:

Test your knowledge of the South after the Civil War in this 6-question multiple choice quiz provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Assessment

Quiz: Reconstruction:

Test your knowledge of the Reconstruction era with this 13-question multiple choice quiz!

Type: Assessment

Lesson Plans

Reconstruction Amendments:

Students will identify the rights being protected/guaranteed by the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments by reading each amendment and answering several analyzing questions.  

Type: Lesson Plan

Voting Trends: Voters Then and Now:

In this lesson plan, students will analyze voting trends from three different time periods in United States history to determine factors that have influenced voter turnout and trends in voter participation. The time periods will be as follows: 1850-1920, 1920-1970, 1970-2020.

Type: Lesson Plan

Impact to the Political Participation of African Americans:

Students will determine the impact of Jim Crow Laws on the political participation of African American males. 

Type: Lesson Plan

The Civil War Has Ended Now What? 14th Amendment:

Students will unpack the 14th Amendment and discuss the impact of the Amendment on citizenship and guaranteed freedoms for African Americans. Then students will explore the consequences of the 14th Amendment and the creation of Jim Crow laws. Students will finish their lesson as they review the key facts of the Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court case and determine their ruling on the case. Students will compare their ruling on the case and Supreme Court’s ruling. This is lesson 2 of 3 in a mini-unit integrating civics and US History.

Type: Lesson Plan

The Civil War Has Ended! Now What? - 15th Amendment:

This is lesson 3 of 3 in a mini-unit integrating civics and US History. Students will unpack the 15th Amendment and discuss the impact of the amendment on citizenship and guaranteed freedoms for African Americans. Students will explore the consequences of the 15th Amendment and review connections between the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments. Students will review their impact on the idea of citizenship in the United States and the Freedoms these amendments guaranteed by completing a project.

Type: Lesson Plan

Effects of Jim Crow Laws on Florida Citizens:

In this lesson plan, students will analyze Florida laws that conflicted with the principles of freedom and democracy. Students will then rewrite the laws to reflect principles of freedom and democracy.

Type: Lesson Plan

The Civil War Has Ended Now What? 13th Amendment:

Students will unpack the 13th Amendment and explore the black codes that were implemented because of the amendment. Students will be exposed to the black codes through a “mock simulation” and develop a plan for how the Federal Government should handle the creation of these codes.

Type: Lesson Plan

Expanding Citizenship:

In this lesson, students will learn how the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments helped to provide freedoms to African Americans and other groups in our country’s history. Students will focus on the 13th amendment during the period of Reconstruction in helping to end slavery. Students will then look at how the 13th amendment did not guarantee citizenship or freedoms to those newly freed slaves and that additional amendments were needed to help provide that. Students will be able to analyze text from the 14th and 15th amendments. Teachers will help guide students in an analysis of the text from the U.S. Constitution and apply it to the historical events during the Reconstruction Era.

Type: Lesson Plan

Segregation and Integration: Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education (1 of 3):

Students will be introduced to the practice of segregation through a guided lesson. The guided lesson will include key vocabulary terms necessary for the lesson, the basis of the Supreme Court case of Plessy v. Ferguson, and the establishment of Jim Crow laws. After the lesson, students will complete a guided practice incorporating primary source text taken from the opinion of Plessy v. Ferguson. This is lesson 1 of 3 in a mini-unit integrating civics and U.S. History.

Type: Lesson Plan

Radical Reconstruction: Parties and Plans:

In this lesson plan, students will participate in a classroom activity called "Chat Stations," they will rotate among stations that include specific readings and questions. Each station will center around the Radical Republicans and various plans, groups, and individuals involved in the Reconstruction Era's efforts to rebuild the South, as explored through specific literary pieces.

Type: Lesson Plan

Segregation and Integration in the U.S. Armed Services:

Students will examine the implementation of President Harry Truman’s Executive Order 9981 to end segregation in the U.S. Armed Forces. Through a Jigsaw activity students will see how implementation occurred in the Air Force, Navy, Army, Marines, Coast Guard, and National Guard.

Type: Lesson Plan

Interest Groups Help End Segregation in U.S. Armed Forces:

Students will explore methods used by civil rights groups to influence government steps to dismantle segregation in the United States Armed Forces leading up to Executive Order 9981.

Type: Lesson Plan

Lincoln and the Civil War:

  • A guided presentation on Abraham Lincoln's role in the U.S. Civil War and the eventual end of slavery in the United States. This presentation examines Lincoln's changing stance on slavery, southern states' challenge of federal law, and the end of slavery in the United States. Included in this lesson are guided notes, built in review questions, and a guided practice worksheet for students to complete.

Type: Lesson Plan

Government Interactions During the Jim Crow Era:

In this lesson, students will explain how citizens were affected by local, state and federal government during the Jim Crow Era.

Type: Lesson Plan

The Road To Equality:

Students will "think, pair, share" the road to African-American equality based on reading about various U.S. Supreme Court cases and constitutional amendments.

Type: Lesson Plan

Expanding the 14th Amendment :

In this lesson plan, students will read excerpts from Plessy v. Ferguson [1896], Brown v. Board of Education [1954], and Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education [1971] and explain the outcomes of each case using a graphic organizer. Students will receive direct instruction on some historical context and background information of each case to aid in understanding. Students will complete a timeline to illustrate the impact of landmark Supreme Court decisions as it relates to integration and busing. The lesson will conclude with a student analysis of the impact of the Supreme Court cases on integration and busing and how those cases have expanded rights found in the U.S. Constitution 

Type: Lesson Plan

The Reconstruction Amendments & Their Aftermath:

In this lesson, students will use a slideshow and guided notes to learn about the protections guaranteed by the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments.  They will also learn about Southern resistance to those new rights and how they were restored in the 20th century.  Finally, students will  complete a worksheet utilizing primary source texts.

Type: Lesson Plan

Executive Order 9981 - Ending Segregation in our Nation's Armed Services:

Using primary source documents and a Jigsaw technique students will explore the process resulting in President Truman's Executive Order 9981 ending segregation in our armed services. Teachers will guide students through an understanding of presidential “executive order” authority, history of African American military service in the U.S. and help students trace the evolution of thinking as our nation moved toward equality for all.

Type: Lesson Plan

Constitution BINGO:

Students will review key terms and people behind the Constitution.

Type: Lesson Plan

Reconstruction and Jim Crow: Gallery Walk:

In this lesson, students will review important legislation and reactions to it during and after Reconstruction, and analyze how both impacted the lives of African Americans.

Type: Lesson Plan

Reconstruction Era: Gallery Walk:

In this lesson, students will review influential groups and identify the impacts of their civic and political participation during Reconstruction.

 

Type: Lesson Plan

Voting Rights and Government Action:

Students will be able to identify times throughout history when government action helped to expand and protect voting rights and could have led to an increase in voter participation.

Type: Lesson Plan

Civic Engagement:

In this lesson, students will analyze the impact of civic engagement as a means of preserving or reforming institutions. In particular, students will identify legal methods that citizens can use to promote social and political change. Students will identify historical examples of citizens achieving or preventing political and social change through civic engagement.

Type: Lesson Plan

Investigating New Freedoms: the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments:

In this lesson plan, students will research the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the Constitution of the United States.  Students will explore the significance of these amendments in group settings and in an invidual written reflection.

Type: Lesson Plan

Juneteenth and the End of Slavery:

In this lesson plan, students will analyze the historical background of the Juneteenth holiday, including its relationship to the Civil War and the Emancipation Proclamation.

Type: Lesson Plan

Florida During the Spanish-American War of 1898: Structured Academic Debate on African-American Participation in the War:

In this activity, students examine examples of newspaper editorials arguing both sides of this debate along with documents describing Floridian attitudes toward black soldiers. Using this evidence, students will explore ideas about the meaning of black participation in the Spanish-American War

Type: Lesson Plan

The 15th Amendment—Intentions and Reality:

This resource is a lesson plan in which students analyze the 15th Amendment to the Constitution and then learn about the obstacles to actual voting rights that persisted in the post-Reconstruction South (black codes, poll taxes, lynching, etc.). It features a group-based assessment and a follow-up activity in which students create their own political cartoon.

Type: Lesson Plan

After Reconstruction: Problems of African Americans in the South:

In this lesson, students use the collection's Timeline of African American History, 1852-1925 to identify problems and issues facing African Americans immediately after Reconstruction. Working in small groups on assigned issues, students search the collection for documents that describe the problem and consider opposing points of view, and suggest a remedy for the problem. Students then present the results of their research in a simulated African American Congress, modeled on a congress documented in the collection's special presentation, Progress of a People.

Type: Lesson Plan

Reading Like a Historian: Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois:

In this lesson, students analyze primary source documents in an effort to answer the central historical question: Who was a stronger advocate for African-Americans, Booker T. Washington or W.E.B. DuBois? The teacher first uses a mini-lecture and a streaming video clip from Discovery Education to explain late 19th-century race relations in the South. Students then analyze an excerpt from Washington's "Atlanta Compromise" speech as the teacher models-extensively-sourcing, contextualization, corroboration, and close reading techniques, answering questions on a graphic organizer. Students then do the same, on their own, with a selection from DuBois' Souls of Black Folk. A final class discussion evaluates the 2 men: who was more right in his approach, given the historical context?

Type: Lesson Plan

Reading Like a Historian: Emancipation Proclamation:

In this lesson, students analyze primary source documents in an effort to answer the central historical question: Did Lincoln free the slaves or did the slaves free themselves? The teacher may use background information (provided) to set up the topic. Students then examine 2 documents: 1) Lincoln's text of the Proclamation itself and 2) an 1881 recollection by Frederick Douglass on a meeting with Lincoln. For each, students answer worksheet questions in pairs and then fill out a graphic organizer to reach a conclusion. A final class discussion ends the lesson.

Type: Lesson Plan

Reading Like a Historian: John Brown:

In this lesson, students analyze several primary source documents in an effort to answer the central historical question: Was John Brown a "misguided fanatic?" The teacher may use a PowerPoint and/or timeline (both are included) to set up the topic. Students then examine 2-3 documents (note: 3 are included, but the third is optional and guiding questions for it are not included): 1) Brown's last letter, written on the day of his death sentence, 2) an 1881 recollection by Frederick Douglass, and 3) a letter by Brown admirer L. Maria Child. Students answer sourcing and contextualization questions for each, and a final class discussion address Brown's fanaticism or lack of it.

Type: Lesson Plan

Reading Like a Historian: Radical Reconstruction:

In this lesson, students analyze primary source documents in an effort to answer the central historical question: Why was the Radical Republican plan for Reconstruction considered "radical?" The teacher first uses a PowerPoint to review the Civil War and introduce the challenges of Reconstruction. Students then analyze and answer guiding questions about 3 documents: a speech by Thaddeus Stevens, a Radical, and 2 speeches by President Andrew Johnson. A final class discussion evaluates the Radicals' plan and compares it to Johnson's approach: Which was more likely to unite the country?

Type: Lesson Plan

Reading Like a Historian: Reconstruction SAC:

In this lesson, students analyze primary source documents and engage in a Structured Academic Controversy in an effort to answer the central historical question: Were African Americans free during Reconstruction? After an introduction/review of the time period, students answer detailed guiding questions on 4 text documents and a set of photos illustrating the post-Civil War freedoms and restrictions which blacks faced. Students then divide into groups of 4 and into pairs within each group. Each pair presents the argument to the other that blacks were/were not free; only at the end do students abandon their previous positions, reach consensus in writing as a group, and defend that view in a final class discussion.

Type: Lesson Plan

Reading Like a Historian: Sharecropping:

In this lesson, students analyze a primary source document in an effort to answer the central historical question: How accurate is the textbook's description of sharecropping? Students first view an 1898 photo of sharecroppers-most will probably assume the workers to be slaves. In pairs, students then read their textbook's description of sharecropping and compare it to an actual 1882 sharecropping contract. Guiding questions on the document and a final discussion allow the class to judge the accuracy of the textbook's depiction.

Type: Lesson Plan

Reading Like a Historian: The Battle of the Little Bighorn:

In this lesson, students analyze primary and secondary sources in an effort to answer the central historical question: Who was responsible for the Battle of the Little Bighorn? After a mini-lecture on the late 1800s Indian Wars, students read a textbook account of the battle, and then compare it to 2 documents: 1) a report by the War Secretary, and 2) an account by Kate Bighead, a Cheyenne Indian. Students answer guiding questions for all documents, followed by a class discussion. For homework, students write a new textbook account using primary source information.

Type: Lesson Plan

Reading Like a Historian: Thomas Nast’s Political Cartoons:

In this lesson, students analyze the political cartoons of Thomas Nast in an effort to answer the central historical question: How did Northern attitudes toward freed African Americans change during Reconstruction? The teacher first shows students a contemporary political cartoon (not included) and explains how cartoons can teach us about the context of their time. Students then answer sourcing questions about Nast and analyze 2 of his cartoons: 1 from 1865 (in favor of black suffrage) and another from 1874 (dubious of the same). A final class discussion synthesizes students' opinions.

Type: Lesson Plan

Original Student Tutorials

Taking Lead: Women of the Civil Rights Movement:

Learn how women took on leadership roles during the Civil Rights Movement by exploring the contributions of Fannie Lou Hamer, Ella Baker, and Dorothy Height with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Civil Rights Road Trip: Part 2 The Southern States:

Travel through the southern United States to visit significant areas of the Civil Rights Movement with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Executive Order 9981 and Integration in Our Military, Part 1:

Explore how Executive Order 9981 ended segregation in our military, thereby expanding rights for African Americans in the U.S. Army, Air Force, and National Guard with this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 of a two-part series: Click HERE to open part 2 (coming soon). In Part 2, you'll see how Executive Order 9981 was implemented in the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Executive Order 9981 and Integration in Our Military, Part 2:

Explore how Executive Order 9981 ended segregation in our military, thereby expanding rights for African Americans in the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard with this interactive tutorial.

This is part 2 of a two-part series. Click HERE to open Part 1, which explores how Executive Order 9981 was implemented in the Army, Air Force, and National Guard.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Civil Rights Road Trip: Part 1 Alabama:

Travel around the state of Alabama to learn about three events during the Civil Rights era: the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the 16th Street Church bombing, and the March to Selma with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

How Did an Executive Order End Segregation in America's Armed Forces?:

Did you know our military personnel faced segregation and discrimination while serving our country? Learn about presidential powers, the use of executive orders by our presidents, and how Executive Order 9981 ended segregation in the U.S. armed forces with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Shifting America :

Explore different methods for promotion social and political change and examples of preservation from U.S. history with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

The Era of Jim Crow and the Nadir of Race Relations: Part 2 (of 2):

In Parts 1 and 2 of this interactive tutorial series, learn about the era of Jim Crow segregation and the larger context within which it flourished, the "Nadir" of American race relations.

CLICK HERE to open Part 1.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

The Era of Jim Crow and the Nadir of Race Relations: Part 1 (of 2):

In Parts 1 and 2 of this interactive tutorial series, learn about the era of Jim Crow segregation and the larger context within which it flourished, the "Nadir" of American race relations.

CLICK HERE to open Part 2. 

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Booker T. and W.E.B. (Part 2):

Learn about Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois and their rivalry of ideas in this interactive tutorial. Both men were African-American leaders during the "nadir" of race relations, but they had very different visions.

This is part 2 in a two-part series. CLICK HERE to open Part 1. 

Type: Original Student Tutorial

After the War: Reconstruction Begins, Part 2 (of 2):

In Parts 1 and 2 of this interactive tutorial series, learn what happened after the guns of the Civil War fell silent: the beginning of the Reconstruction era. You'll learn about Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, Radical Republicans, and the impeachment of a president!

CLICK HERE to open After the War: Reconstruction Begins, Part 1.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

After the War: Reconstruction Begins, Part 1 (of 2):

In Parts 1 and 2 of this interactive tutorial series, learn what happened after the guns of the Civil War fell silent:  the beginning of the Reconstruction era. You'll learn about Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, Radical Republicans, and the impeachment of a president!

CLICK HERE to open After the War: Reconstruction Begins, Part 2.

 

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Booker T. and W.E.B. Part 1 (of 2):

In Parts 1 and 2 of this interactive tutorial series, learn about Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois and their rivalry of ideas.  Both men were African American leaders during the "Nadir" of race relations, but their visions were very different.  

CLICK HERE to open Part 2.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

The Power of Words: Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address:

Practice analyzing an informational text using President Abraham Lincoln's 2nd Inaugural Address. In this interactive tutorial, you'll determine Lincoln's purpose in this historical speech. You'll also analyze how his specific word choice and use of parallel structure help support his purpose.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Deconstructing Reconstruction:

In this interactive tutorial, learn about the successes and failures of Reconstruction, one of the most controversial periods of American history. After the rise of the Ku Klux Klan and "Redeemer" resistance, this remarkably progressive period ended after the Election of 1876.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

The Civil War's Legacy:

In this interactive tutorial, learn how and why the Civil War came to an end, and learn what the war's consequences were for Americans in the North and South, as well as future generations. You'll also learn about the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution and how they form an important legacy of the Civil War.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

What Caused the Civil War?:

In this interactive tutorial, explore the central causes of America's bloodiest conflict: the Civil War.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Text Resources

Supreme Court Landmark Case: The Slaughterhouse Cases (1873):

Learn more about the 1873 landmark Supreme Court decision known as The Slaughterhouse Cases. In this case, the Supreme Court defined the limits of the then-new Fourteenth Amendment and its guarantee of equal "privileges and immunities" to citizens.

Type: Text Resource

Supreme Court Landmark Case: Plessy v. Ferguson (1896):

Learn more about the 1896 landmark Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson. In this case, the Supreme Court declared legal "separate but equal" laws requiring black and white citizens to use segregated facilities. The decision ushered in an era of "Jim Crow" in the American South.

Type: Text Resource

What was Jim Crow? Pre-reading Essay Activity:

This resource is a pre-reading activity designed to introduce students to the laws and "etiquette" rules of the Jim Crow era, in preparation for reading the novel Roll of Thunder, Hear My Cry. It includes a historical essay, a corresponding vocabulary list, and an assessment worksheet.

Type: Text Resource

Has Gettysburg Kicked Its Kitsch Factor?:

This informational text resource is intended to support reading in the Social Studies content area. It is most appropriate for 11th-12th grade students enrolled in a U.S. History class. In this article, the author revisits the once-tacky Gettysburg battlefield to report on its rehabilitation by the National Park Service and its current status as a serious gathering place for students and re-enactors of history.

Type: Text Resource

Misplaced Honor:

This informational text resource is intended to support reading in the Social Studies content area. It is most appropriate for 11th-12th grade students enrolled in a U.S. History class.

This editorial suggests that military bases named after Confederate generals should be more properly renamed after those who "actually performed in the defense of the United States." With a military composed of 20% African Americans, the author argues, it is inappropriate to ask soldiers to serve in bases which honor those who fought to preserve a "racist slavocracy."

Type: Text Resource

A Senate Apology for History on Lynching:

This informational text resource is intended to support reading in the Social Studies content area. It is most appropriate for 9-0 grade students enrolled in a U.S. History class.

The author reports on the passage of a Senate resolution that apologizes for its failure to pass previous anti-lynching registration.

Type: Text Resource

Tutorials

U.S. History Overview: Reconstruction to the Great Depression:

Learn about key events in American history from the Reconstruction Era to the start of the Great Depression in this tutorial video provided by Khan Academy. The video touches on the Reconstruction Amendments, Jim Crow laws, the Coinage Act and the Panic of 1873, the Spanish-American War, World War I, and the 18th and 19th Amendments.

Type: Tutorial

History of the Republican Party:

Learn about the history of the Republican Party, the party of Lincoln, Hoover, Eisenhower, and Reagan, in this tutorial video by Khan Academy. From its early roots tied to Alexander Hamilton to the present day, the Republican Party has played an integral role in shaping the government, policies and history of America.

Type: Tutorial

The Origins of Jim Crow: Introduction:

Learn about the origins of Jim Crow segregation, a system of legalized segregation that took place in the American South from 1877-1954, in this tutorial video provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Tutorial

Origins of Jim Crow: Black Codes and Reconstruction:

Learn about the Black Codes and the era of Reconstruction in this video tutorial provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Tutorial

Origins of Jim Crow: 14th & 15th Amendments:

Learn about the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution in this tutorial video about the American South after the Civil War. This short video is provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Tutorial

Origins of Jim Crow: Compromise of 1877 and Plessy v. Ferguson:

Learn about the origins of Jim Crow segregation in the American South after the Civil War, as well as the Compromise of 1877 and the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson in this tutorial video provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Tutorial

Reconstruction and the 15th Amendment:

This short video provided by Khan Academy features two historians reviewing the ratification of the 15th Amendment, which granted African American men the right to vote. The historians also explore ways in which the different Reconstruction Amendments were undermined and not fully realized for almost a century. Helpful graphics illustrate the content.

Type: Tutorial

Reconstruction and the 14th Amendment:

This short video provided by Khan Academy features two historians reviewing the ratification of the 14th Amendment, which greatly expanded the protection of civil rights to all Americans and granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves recently freed. Helpful graphics illustrate the content.

Type: Tutorial

A House Divided:

Learn how divisions over slavery set the stage for the American Civil War. Abraham Lincoln famously referred to the United States before the Civil War as a "house divided" and warned that it "can not stand." This video clip is an excerpt form Ken Burns' epic series The Civil War.

Type: Tutorial

Appomattox:

Learn about the end of the Civil War, when Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia. This short film is an excerpt from Ken Burns' epic series The Civil War.

Type: Tutorial

Bottom Rail on Top: African-American Soldiers in the Civil War:

Learn about the experience of the African American soldiers who enlisted in the Union Army after the Emancipation Proclamation. The 54th Massachusetts regiment would go on to be the subject of the movie Glory. This short video is an excerpt from Ken Burns' epic series The Civil War.

Type: Tutorial

Reconstruction and the 13th Amendment:

This short video provided by Khan Academy features 2 historians reviewing the early years of Reconstruction and the ratification of the 13th Amendment, which ended slavery in the United States. Helpful graphics illustrate the content. Enjoy!

Type: Tutorial

Whose Land is This?:

Learn about America's history in this interactive tutorial. This webisode from PBS's History: A Freedom of Us provides detailed informational texts, primary source documents that include photographs, and online quizzes to help you explore aspects of this complex time in American history. You'll learn about the 1862 Homestead Act, the rise of immigration, different aspects of the immigrant experience, the expansion of the American West, and the violent conflicts that resulted in the deaths of Native Americans and the removal and relocation of different tribes onto reservations.

Type: Tutorial

What is Freedom?:

Explore the era of Reconstruction and its aftermath in this webisode from PBS. Learn about the struggles of rebuilding the South and uniting the Union in the years that immediately followed the Civil War, and explore the rise of Jim Crow laws after Reconstruction was abandoned. This webisode provides primary source documents including photographs and excerpts from speeches, a timeline, glossary, and quizzes you can take to test your knowledge.

Type: Tutorial

60-Second Presidents: Rutherford B. Hayes:

View this brief, funny video about our 19th President, Rutherford B. Hayes, whose controversial election brought about the end of Reconstruction!

Type: Tutorial

60-Second Presidents: Andrew Johnson:

View a brief, funny video about our 17th President, Andrew Johnson, the first president ever to be impeached!

Type: Tutorial

60-Second Presidents: Ulysses S. Grant:

View a brief, funny video about our 18th President, Ulysses S. Grant, the former general who reunited North and South during Reconstruction!

Type: Tutorial

60-Second Presidents: Abraham Lincoln:

View a brief, funny video about our 16th President, Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through the Civil War!

Type: Tutorial

The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow:

In this tutorial, you'll explore the social and legal realities of the "Jim Crow" Era. Jim Crow was the nickname given to the acts and laws passed in Southern states after Reconstruction. These were aimed at preventing African Americans from fully realizing their civil liberties: especially the right to vote. Please take time to carefully explore this interactive site and recognize the ways in which American society has changed since this time. Also note that this resource is for mature audiences; due to the era in American history being explored, there are some words used that audiences may find offensive and some violent images are shown.

Type: Tutorial

The Great Dissenter:

In this tutorial, you will view a brief video discussing a key Supreme Court decision. The video describes how in 1883, the Supreme Court struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875. The Court ruled that while the Fourteenth Amendment protected an individual's rights in places of public accommodation, it would not protect citizens from the discriminatory behavior of individuals. The video also explores how the case led to the Court's first great dissent, its first great dissenter--Justice John Marshall Harlan--and the end of Reconstruction.

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S. History: The Election of 1860 :

In this tutorial video, you'll take a whirlwind journey through the events that led up to the controversial Election of 1860. Abraham Lincoln's election, combined with growing tensions between the North and South, would ultimately lead to the secession of several Southern states and the beginning of the Civil War. Enjoy this "crash course" in U.S. history!

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S. History: Civil War Part 2:

In this tutorial video, you'll take a whirlwind journey through the consequences and legacies of the Civil War. The video explores how the Civil War truly transformed America, with repercussions for the present. You may want to view this after checking out the Part 1 video for a full review. Enjoy this "crash course" in U.S. history!

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S. History: Civil War Part I:

In this tutorial video, you'll take a whirlwind journey through the events that led up to and took place during the Civil War. This video reviews the major events, causes, and strategies. Be sure to watch the Part 2 video, as well, for a full review. Enjoy this "crash course" in U.S. history!

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S. History: Reconstruction:

In this tutorial video, you will take a whirlwind journey through the period of Reconstruction in American History. As you may know, Reconstruction was a critical time in America of rebuilding and reinventing the South in the years after the Civil War. You'll learn about its successes and failures. Enjoy this "crash course" review!

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S History: Westward Expansion:

In this tutorial video, you will take a whirlwind journey through the period of Westward Expansion when white settlers moved west - often at the expense of the Native Americans who lived there. Many Americans who traveled westward at this time were in search of economic stability and property. Enjoy this "crash course" review of U.S. history!

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S. History: The Progressive Era:

In this tutorial video, you'll take a whirlwind journey through the Progressive Era in American history. During this time, people were attempting to solve governmental and societal issues, all while trying to better implement equality for all. Enjoy this "crash course" in U.S. history!

Type: Tutorial

Unit/Lesson Sequence

Close Reading Exemplar: The Gettysburg Address:

This unit exemplar from Student Achievement Partner web resources has been developed to guide students and instructors in a close reading of Lincoln's Gettysburg Address. The activities and actions follow a carefully developed set of steps that assist students in increasing their familiarity and understanding of Lincoln's speech through a series of text dependent tasks and questions that ultimately develop college and career ready skills identified in the Florida State Standards. This unit can be broken down into three sections of instruction and reflection on the part of students and their teachers, which is followed by additional activities, some designed for history/social studies and some for ELA classrooms.

Type: Unit/Lesson Sequence

Video/Audio/Animations

Uncle Tom's Cabin: Reception & Significance:

In this video from Khan Academy, you'll learn about the reception and cultural significance surrounding Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin. The publication of this novel is considered one of the causes of the Civil War.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Uncle Tom's Cabin: The Influence of the Fugitive Slave Act:

In this video from Khan Academy, you'll learn about the political and cultural issues that inspired the writing of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin. These include the compromise of 1850 and the Fugitive Slave Act. The publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin is considered one of the causes of the Civil War.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Battling Over Slavery in the Mid-1800s:

Learn about one of the main causes of the Civil War in this short video from Khan Academy. The politics of slavery threatened the unity of the United States in the mid 1800s, especially after the Compromise of 1850 introduced the controversial Fugitive Slave Act.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Slavery and the Missouri Compromise:

Learn about one of the main causes of the Civil War in this short video from Khan Academy. The politics of slavery threatened the unity of the United States in the early 1800s, leading to the Missouri Compromise.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Start of the Civil War: Secession & Fort Sumter:

Learn about the beginning of the Civil War in this short video from Khan Academy. After the 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln, Southern states began to secede from the Union to form their own nation. War would soon begin after the bombardment of Fort Sumter.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

The Emancipation Proclamation:

Learn about one of the main consequences of the Civil War--the Emancipation Proclamation--in this short video from Khan Academy. President Abraham Lincoln's executive order ending slavery in the rebellious Southern states was the beginning of the end of slavery... although not necessarily in the way that many people realize.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

U.S. History Overview: Jamestown to the Civil War:

Learn about key events in American history from the colonial era to the end of the Civil War in this tutorial video provided by Khan Academy. The video touches on the American Revolution, the Constitution, the War of 1812, western expansion, the Mexican-American War, the Civil War, and the end of slavery.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorials

Taking Lead: Women of the Civil Rights Movement:

Learn how women took on leadership roles during the Civil Rights Movement by exploring the contributions of Fannie Lou Hamer, Ella Baker, and Dorothy Height with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Civil Rights Road Trip: Part 2 The Southern States:

Travel through the southern United States to visit significant areas of the Civil Rights Movement with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Executive Order 9981 and Integration in Our Military, Part 1:

Explore how Executive Order 9981 ended segregation in our military, thereby expanding rights for African Americans in the U.S. Army, Air Force, and National Guard with this interactive tutorial.

This is part 1 of a two-part series: Click HERE to open part 2 (coming soon). In Part 2, you'll see how Executive Order 9981 was implemented in the Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Executive Order 9981 and Integration in Our Military, Part 2:

Explore how Executive Order 9981 ended segregation in our military, thereby expanding rights for African Americans in the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard with this interactive tutorial.

This is part 2 of a two-part series. Click HERE to open Part 1, which explores how Executive Order 9981 was implemented in the Army, Air Force, and National Guard.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Civil Rights Road Trip: Part 1 Alabama:

Travel around the state of Alabama to learn about three events during the Civil Rights era: the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the 16th Street Church bombing, and the March to Selma with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

How Did an Executive Order End Segregation in America's Armed Forces?:

Did you know our military personnel faced segregation and discrimination while serving our country? Learn about presidential powers, the use of executive orders by our presidents, and how Executive Order 9981 ended segregation in the U.S. armed forces with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Shifting America :

Explore different methods for promotion social and political change and examples of preservation from U.S. history with this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

The Era of Jim Crow and the Nadir of Race Relations: Part 2 (of 2):

In Parts 1 and 2 of this interactive tutorial series, learn about the era of Jim Crow segregation and the larger context within which it flourished, the "Nadir" of American race relations.

CLICK HERE to open Part 1.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

The Era of Jim Crow and the Nadir of Race Relations: Part 1 (of 2):

In Parts 1 and 2 of this interactive tutorial series, learn about the era of Jim Crow segregation and the larger context within which it flourished, the "Nadir" of American race relations.

CLICK HERE to open Part 2. 

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Booker T. and W.E.B. (Part 2):

Learn about Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois and their rivalry of ideas in this interactive tutorial. Both men were African-American leaders during the "nadir" of race relations, but they had very different visions.

This is part 2 in a two-part series. CLICK HERE to open Part 1. 

Type: Original Student Tutorial

After the War: Reconstruction Begins, Part 2 (of 2):

In Parts 1 and 2 of this interactive tutorial series, learn what happened after the guns of the Civil War fell silent: the beginning of the Reconstruction era. You'll learn about Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, Radical Republicans, and the impeachment of a president!

CLICK HERE to open After the War: Reconstruction Begins, Part 1.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

After the War: Reconstruction Begins, Part 1 (of 2):

In Parts 1 and 2 of this interactive tutorial series, learn what happened after the guns of the Civil War fell silent:  the beginning of the Reconstruction era. You'll learn about Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, Radical Republicans, and the impeachment of a president!

CLICK HERE to open After the War: Reconstruction Begins, Part 2.

 

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Booker T. and W.E.B. Part 1 (of 2):

In Parts 1 and 2 of this interactive tutorial series, learn about Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois and their rivalry of ideas.  Both men were African American leaders during the "Nadir" of race relations, but their visions were very different.  

CLICK HERE to open Part 2.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

The Power of Words: Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address:

Practice analyzing an informational text using President Abraham Lincoln's 2nd Inaugural Address. In this interactive tutorial, you'll determine Lincoln's purpose in this historical speech. You'll also analyze how his specific word choice and use of parallel structure help support his purpose.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Deconstructing Reconstruction:

In this interactive tutorial, learn about the successes and failures of Reconstruction, one of the most controversial periods of American history. After the rise of the Ku Klux Klan and "Redeemer" resistance, this remarkably progressive period ended after the Election of 1876.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

The Civil War's Legacy:

In this interactive tutorial, learn how and why the Civil War came to an end, and learn what the war's consequences were for Americans in the North and South, as well as future generations. You'll also learn about the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution and how they form an important legacy of the Civil War.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

What Caused the Civil War?:

In this interactive tutorial, explore the central causes of America's bloodiest conflict: the Civil War.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Assessments

Quiz: The American West:

Test your knowledge of the Native American experience and Westward expansion in a 12-question multiple choice quiz provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Assessment

Quiz: The South After the Civil War:

Test your knowledge of the South after the Civil War in this 6-question multiple choice quiz provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Assessment

Quiz: Reconstruction:

Test your knowledge of the Reconstruction era with this 13-question multiple choice quiz!

Type: Assessment

Text Resources

Supreme Court Landmark Case: The Slaughterhouse Cases (1873):

Learn more about the 1873 landmark Supreme Court decision known as The Slaughterhouse Cases. In this case, the Supreme Court defined the limits of the then-new Fourteenth Amendment and its guarantee of equal "privileges and immunities" to citizens.

Type: Text Resource

Supreme Court Landmark Case: Plessy v. Ferguson (1896):

Learn more about the 1896 landmark Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson. In this case, the Supreme Court declared legal "separate but equal" laws requiring black and white citizens to use segregated facilities. The decision ushered in an era of "Jim Crow" in the American South.

Type: Text Resource

Tutorials

U.S. History Overview: Reconstruction to the Great Depression:

Learn about key events in American history from the Reconstruction Era to the start of the Great Depression in this tutorial video provided by Khan Academy. The video touches on the Reconstruction Amendments, Jim Crow laws, the Coinage Act and the Panic of 1873, the Spanish-American War, World War I, and the 18th and 19th Amendments.

Type: Tutorial

History of the Republican Party:

Learn about the history of the Republican Party, the party of Lincoln, Hoover, Eisenhower, and Reagan, in this tutorial video by Khan Academy. From its early roots tied to Alexander Hamilton to the present day, the Republican Party has played an integral role in shaping the government, policies and history of America.

Type: Tutorial

The Origins of Jim Crow: Introduction:

Learn about the origins of Jim Crow segregation, a system of legalized segregation that took place in the American South from 1877-1954, in this tutorial video provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Tutorial

Origins of Jim Crow: Black Codes and Reconstruction:

Learn about the Black Codes and the era of Reconstruction in this video tutorial provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Tutorial

Origins of Jim Crow: 14th & 15th Amendments:

Learn about the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution in this tutorial video about the American South after the Civil War. This short video is provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Tutorial

Origins of Jim Crow: Compromise of 1877 and Plessy v. Ferguson:

Learn about the origins of Jim Crow segregation in the American South after the Civil War, as well as the Compromise of 1877 and the Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson in this tutorial video provided by Khan Academy.

Type: Tutorial

Reconstruction and the 15th Amendment:

This short video provided by Khan Academy features two historians reviewing the ratification of the 15th Amendment, which granted African American men the right to vote. The historians also explore ways in which the different Reconstruction Amendments were undermined and not fully realized for almost a century. Helpful graphics illustrate the content.

Type: Tutorial

Reconstruction and the 14th Amendment:

This short video provided by Khan Academy features two historians reviewing the ratification of the 14th Amendment, which greatly expanded the protection of civil rights to all Americans and granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves recently freed. Helpful graphics illustrate the content.

Type: Tutorial

A House Divided:

Learn how divisions over slavery set the stage for the American Civil War. Abraham Lincoln famously referred to the United States before the Civil War as a "house divided" and warned that it "can not stand." This video clip is an excerpt form Ken Burns' epic series The Civil War.

Type: Tutorial

Appomattox:

Learn about the end of the Civil War, when Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia. This short film is an excerpt from Ken Burns' epic series The Civil War.

Type: Tutorial

Bottom Rail on Top: African-American Soldiers in the Civil War:

Learn about the experience of the African American soldiers who enlisted in the Union Army after the Emancipation Proclamation. The 54th Massachusetts regiment would go on to be the subject of the movie Glory. This short video is an excerpt from Ken Burns' epic series The Civil War.

Type: Tutorial

Reconstruction and the 13th Amendment:

This short video provided by Khan Academy features 2 historians reviewing the early years of Reconstruction and the ratification of the 13th Amendment, which ended slavery in the United States. Helpful graphics illustrate the content. Enjoy!

Type: Tutorial

Whose Land is This?:

Learn about America's history in this interactive tutorial. This webisode from PBS's History: A Freedom of Us provides detailed informational texts, primary source documents that include photographs, and online quizzes to help you explore aspects of this complex time in American history. You'll learn about the 1862 Homestead Act, the rise of immigration, different aspects of the immigrant experience, the expansion of the American West, and the violent conflicts that resulted in the deaths of Native Americans and the removal and relocation of different tribes onto reservations.

Type: Tutorial

What is Freedom?:

Explore the era of Reconstruction and its aftermath in this webisode from PBS. Learn about the struggles of rebuilding the South and uniting the Union in the years that immediately followed the Civil War, and explore the rise of Jim Crow laws after Reconstruction was abandoned. This webisode provides primary source documents including photographs and excerpts from speeches, a timeline, glossary, and quizzes you can take to test your knowledge.

Type: Tutorial

60-Second Presidents: Rutherford B. Hayes:

View this brief, funny video about our 19th President, Rutherford B. Hayes, whose controversial election brought about the end of Reconstruction!

Type: Tutorial

60-Second Presidents: Andrew Johnson:

View a brief, funny video about our 17th President, Andrew Johnson, the first president ever to be impeached!

Type: Tutorial

60-Second Presidents: Ulysses S. Grant:

View a brief, funny video about our 18th President, Ulysses S. Grant, the former general who reunited North and South during Reconstruction!

Type: Tutorial

60-Second Presidents: Abraham Lincoln:

View a brief, funny video about our 16th President, Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through the Civil War!

Type: Tutorial

The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow:

In this tutorial, you'll explore the social and legal realities of the "Jim Crow" Era. Jim Crow was the nickname given to the acts and laws passed in Southern states after Reconstruction. These were aimed at preventing African Americans from fully realizing their civil liberties: especially the right to vote. Please take time to carefully explore this interactive site and recognize the ways in which American society has changed since this time. Also note that this resource is for mature audiences; due to the era in American history being explored, there are some words used that audiences may find offensive and some violent images are shown.

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S. History: The Election of 1860 :

In this tutorial video, you'll take a whirlwind journey through the events that led up to the controversial Election of 1860. Abraham Lincoln's election, combined with growing tensions between the North and South, would ultimately lead to the secession of several Southern states and the beginning of the Civil War. Enjoy this "crash course" in U.S. history!

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S. History: Civil War Part 2:

In this tutorial video, you'll take a whirlwind journey through the consequences and legacies of the Civil War. The video explores how the Civil War truly transformed America, with repercussions for the present. You may want to view this after checking out the Part 1 video for a full review. Enjoy this "crash course" in U.S. history!

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S. History: Civil War Part I:

In this tutorial video, you'll take a whirlwind journey through the events that led up to and took place during the Civil War. This video reviews the major events, causes, and strategies. Be sure to watch the Part 2 video, as well, for a full review. Enjoy this "crash course" in U.S. history!

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S. History: Reconstruction:

In this tutorial video, you will take a whirlwind journey through the period of Reconstruction in American History. As you may know, Reconstruction was a critical time in America of rebuilding and reinventing the South in the years after the Civil War. You'll learn about its successes and failures. Enjoy this "crash course" review!

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S History: Westward Expansion:

In this tutorial video, you will take a whirlwind journey through the period of Westward Expansion when white settlers moved west - often at the expense of the Native Americans who lived there. Many Americans who traveled westward at this time were in search of economic stability and property. Enjoy this "crash course" review of U.S. history!

Type: Tutorial

Crash Course U.S. History: The Progressive Era:

In this tutorial video, you'll take a whirlwind journey through the Progressive Era in American history. During this time, people were attempting to solve governmental and societal issues, all while trying to better implement equality for all. Enjoy this "crash course" in U.S. history!

Type: Tutorial

Video/Audio/Animations

Uncle Tom's Cabin: Reception & Significance:

In this video from Khan Academy, you'll learn about the reception and cultural significance surrounding Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin. The publication of this novel is considered one of the causes of the Civil War.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Uncle Tom's Cabin: The Influence of the Fugitive Slave Act:

In this video from Khan Academy, you'll learn about the political and cultural issues that inspired the writing of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin. These include the compromise of 1850 and the Fugitive Slave Act. The publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin is considered one of the causes of the Civil War.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Battling Over Slavery in the Mid-1800s:

Learn about one of the main causes of the Civil War in this short video from Khan Academy. The politics of slavery threatened the unity of the United States in the mid 1800s, especially after the Compromise of 1850 introduced the controversial Fugitive Slave Act.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Slavery and the Missouri Compromise:

Learn about one of the main causes of the Civil War in this short video from Khan Academy. The politics of slavery threatened the unity of the United States in the early 1800s, leading to the Missouri Compromise.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Start of the Civil War: Secession & Fort Sumter:

Learn about the beginning of the Civil War in this short video from Khan Academy. After the 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln, Southern states began to secede from the Union to form their own nation. War would soon begin after the bombardment of Fort Sumter.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

The Emancipation Proclamation:

Learn about one of the main consequences of the Civil War--the Emancipation Proclamation--in this short video from Khan Academy. President Abraham Lincoln's executive order ending slavery in the rebellious Southern states was the beginning of the end of slavery... although not necessarily in the way that many people realize.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

U.S. History Overview: Jamestown to the Civil War:

Learn about key events in American history from the colonial era to the end of the Civil War in this tutorial video provided by Khan Academy. The video touches on the American Revolution, the Constitution, the War of 1812, western expansion, the Mexican-American War, the Civil War, and the end of slavery.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this topic.