Big Idea 11 : Energy Transfer and Transformations



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A. Waves involve a transfer of energy without a transfer of matter.

B. Water and sound waves transfer energy through a material.

C. Light waves can travel through a vacuum and through matter.

Clarification for grades 5-8: The target understanding for Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer and Transformations, is the Law of Conservation of Energy: Energy is conserved as it transfers from one object to another and from one form to another.

General Information

Number: SC.5.P.11
Title: Energy Transfer and Transformations
Type: Big Idea
Subject: Science
Grade: 5
Body of Knowledge: Physical Science

Related Benchmarks

This cluster includes the following benchmarks
Code Description
SC.5.P.11.1: Investigate and illustrate the fact that the flow of electricity requires a closed circuit (a complete loop).
SC.5.P.11.2: Identify and classify materials that conduct electricity and materials that do not.


Related Access Points

This cluster includes the following access points.

Independent

Access Point Number Access Point Title
SC.5.P.11.In.1: Identify the power source and wires (conductors) in an electrical circuit.
SC.5.P.11.In.2: Identify materials that conduct electricity.

Supported

Access Point Number Access Point Title
SC.5.P.11.Su.1: Recognize the power source in an electrical circuit.
SC.5.P.11.Su.2: Recognize a material that conducts electricity.

Participatory

Access Point Number Access Point Title
SC.5.P.11.Pa.1: Recognize that electrical systems must be turned on (closed) in order to work.


Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorial

Name Description
Electric Circuits:

Investigate how the flow of electricity requires a closed circuit in this interactive tutorial.

Lesson Plans

Name Description
Electricity--Energy Lighting the Way!:

Students will investigate and illustrate complete circuits using a battery, wires, light bulb and various conductors and insulators. They will understand that electricity is a form of energy that can be converted into other forms of energy such as heat and light.

Mars Exploration Administration:

Students will be given the opportunity to design a conductivity tester for astronauts to use on Mars. Students will then get to use a 3D printed tester to check common items for potential conductivity and then to redesign their tester.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. Click here to learn more about MEAs and how they can transform your classroom.

Wire We All Wet?:

A fire caused by faulty wiring set off a sprinkler system, which damaged a school. The school must be remodeled and the electrical wiring must be replaced. Students will decide which materials to use to as conductors and which to use as insulators in the new wiring.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Let It Flow:

Have you ever wondered how a light turns on? In this lesson, students will explore how electricity flows through a complete circuit in order to light a light bulb.

Making Connections!:

Lights, camera, action! Well, you would have action if the camera was on, and it can only turn on if it has a battery, and it can only work if the battery is charged. Put it all together, and you have a complete circuit! In this lesson, students will learn that a circuit can be connected in more than one way to make something work. The students will work to connect circuits and test different items to identify if they are conductors or insulators.

The Shocking Truth About Circuits - An Engineering Design Challenge:

This Engineering Design Challenge is intended to help students apply the concepts of electrical energy, circuits, insulators and conductors in standards SC.5.P.10.4, SC.5.P.11.1, SC.5.P.11.1, SC.5.P.11.2 by constructing circuits. It may also be used as introductory instruction of the content.

Circuit Circus:

Students will be able to identify characteristics of electrical energy. This lesson can be completed in one 80 minute time period or over two days. Students will learn about electrical energy, circuits, conductors and insulators through video, a hands on exploration and summarizing informational text.

Let There Be Light!: For students who have previously constructed complete circuits and tested for electrical conductors and insulators, this activity will put their knowledge to use and solve an energy crisis taking place in their neighborhood right now, by creating a series circuit and switch that returns control of their town's energy back to the Mayor. Thanks to the Super Energy Wizards!
Transformation of Energy: Constructing an Electromagnet:

In this hands-on lesson, students will work in groups to construct an electromagnet.  This lesson focuses energy, forms of energy, and how energy is transformed in a circuit.  This lesson also can be used to address variables in an experiment, conductors and insulators, data tables and graphs, and open and closed circuits. 

Teaching Ideas

Name Description
Circuit Sense: In this activity about electricity, learners identify closed and open circuits. First, learners examine and label diagrams of open and closed circuits. Then, learners build each of the circuits shown in the diagrams using electrical supplies. Throughout the activity, learners predict and then test if the light bulbs will turn on based on the circuit type.
Current Electricity - Lights On: This is an exploratory lesson that provides the learners with a chance to discover the possible connections in a controlled setting.While the possibilities may seem limitless there are but four basic ways to complete the simple circuit. The rule of each contact area needs to be in contact with one other contact area fulfills the options and possibilities.
Introduction to Open and Closed Electrical Circuits: Students will act out open and closed circuits as a whole class with some students acting as the "motors" or "light bulbs." It is followed by individual journal writing and a class discussion.

Unit/Lesson Sequence

Name Description
Circuits:

The students will experiment to see how circuits work. They will also study a closed circuit such as a lightbulb. The students will also learn about conductors and insulators.

Video/Audio/Animation

Name Description
Superconductors: Observe what happens when a magnet is placed on a superconductor

Virtual Manipulatives

Name Description
Signal Circuit:

This virtual manipulative will help you learn why the lights turn on in a room as soon as someone flip the switch. This virtual manipulative will allow you to flip the switch and watch the electrons.
Some of the sample learning goals can be:

  • Explain what happens when you turn on the switch.
  • Determine whether the blue spheres are positive or negative charges. Explain your thinking.
Circuit Construction Simulation:

An electronics kit in your computer! Build circuits with resistors, light bulbs, batteries, and switches. Investigate conductivity of various materials. Take measurements with the realistic ammeter and voltmeter. View the circuit as a schematic diagram, or switch to a life-like view.



Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorial

Title Description
Electric Circuits:

Investigate how the flow of electricity requires a closed circuit in this interactive tutorial.

Virtual Manipulatives

Title Description
Signal Circuit:

This virtual manipulative will help you learn why the lights turn on in a room as soon as someone flip the switch. This virtual manipulative will allow you to flip the switch and watch the electrons.
Some of the sample learning goals can be:

  • Explain what happens when you turn on the switch.
  • Determine whether the blue spheres are positive or negative charges. Explain your thinking.
Circuit Construction Simulation:

An electronics kit in your computer! Build circuits with resistors, light bulbs, batteries, and switches. Investigate conductivity of various materials. Take measurements with the realistic ammeter and voltmeter. View the circuit as a schematic diagram, or switch to a life-like view.



Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Virtual Manipulative

Title Description
Signal Circuit:

This virtual manipulative will help you learn why the lights turn on in a room as soon as someone flip the switch. This virtual manipulative will allow you to flip the switch and watch the electrons.
Some of the sample learning goals can be:

  • Explain what happens when you turn on the switch.
  • Determine whether the blue spheres are positive or negative charges. Explain your thinking.