Standard 1 : Represent and solve addition problems with sums between 0 and 10 and subtraction problems using related facts.



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General Information

Number: MA.K.AR.1
Title: Represent and solve addition problems with sums between 0 and 10 and subtraction problems using related facts.
Type: Standard
Subject: Mathematics (B.E.S.T.)
Grade: K
Strand: Algebraic Reasoning

Related Benchmarks

This cluster includes the following benchmarks
Code Description
MA.K.AR.1.1: For any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes creating a ten using manipulatives, number lines, models and drawings.
MA.K.AR.1.2: Given a number from 0 to 10, find the different ways it can be represented as the sum of two numbers.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes the exploration of finding possible pairs to make a sum using manipulatives, objects, drawings and expressions; and understanding how the different representations are related to each other.
MA.K.AR.1.3: Solve addition and subtraction real-world problems using objects, drawings or equations to represent the problem.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes understanding the context of the problem, as well as the quantities within the problem. 
Clarification 2: Students are not expected to independently read word problems.

Clarification 3: Addition and subtraction are limited to sums within 10 and related subtraction facts. Refer to Situations Involving Operations with Numbers (Appendix A).



Related Access Points

This cluster includes the following access points.

Access Points

Access Point Number Access Point Title
MA.K.AR.1.AP.1: For any number from 1 to 9, use objects to find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number.
MA.K.AR.1.AP.2: Given a number from 0 to 5, find the different ways it can be represented as the sum of two numbers.
MA.K.AR.1.AP.3: Solve addition and subtraction real-world problems within 5 using objects, drawings or equations to represent the problem.


Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorial

Name Description
Ten on the Farm:

Help Farmer Betsy! You'll use multiple strategies to make a ten and write equations in this interactive tutorial. 

Formative Assessments

Name Description
Vanilla and Chocolate Cupcakes:

Students are asked to find all possible pairs of numbers that sum to six in the context of a word problem.

Planting Rose Bushes:

Students are asked to find all possible pairs of numbers that sum to nine in the context of a word problem.

More Fun with Numbers:

Students solve an Add To (Result Unknown) word problem.

Two Tables:

Students are challenged to find all the different ways to sort six toys into two different groups.

Making Ten:

Students use ten frames to find the missing number to make ten.

Memory:

Students use ten frame cards to play a memory game in which they find pairs that make 10.

Writing an Equation:

Students are asked to pick an equation that matches addition and subtraction word problems.

Modeling Addition and Subtraction:

Students model an addition and a subtraction problem with manipulatives, drawings, fingers, or by acting out the story in the problem.

Lizards on a Rock:

Students solve an addition and a subtraction word problem using manipulatives or pencil and paper.

Writing Center:

Students model an addition problem using manipulatives, their fingers, drawings, or by acting out.

Draw Rectangles To Make Ten:

Students count how many rectangles are in a row, draw more rectangles to make 10 rectangles in each row, and write the numeral corresponding to the number of additional rectangles drawn.

Cats and Dogs Word Problem:

Students are given a subtraction word problem and asked to solve the problem by drawing a picture or using manipulatives.

Carly’s Sleepover Party:

Students model the action in a subtraction problem.

Bowl of Apples Word Problem:

Students are asked to solve an addition word problem by drawing a picture or using manipulatives.

Bags of Apples:

Students are asked to solve a problem in which they have to compose 10.

Lesson Plans

Name Description
Speckled Frog Addition and Subtraction:

Students will enjoy engaging in this lively lesson where they will have the opportunity to sing and act out addition and subtraction story problems. Students will be guided through addition and subtraction word problems as they use manipulatives to model the problems.

Make a Ten Your Friend:

Students will play a fun game using paper cups and counters to "roll" out combinations to make a ten.

Go Fish! Ways to make 10.:

Go Fish is a really fun and interactive way to teach kindergartners about the number pairs that equal ten. This hands-on lesson will give students the engaging practice that they need to not only build number bonds to ten but also to find the missing addend and count up to ten. Students will love the Go Fish game and want to play it over and over again!

10 Little Rubber Duckies: Making Sets of 10:

Uh...oh... Some rubber duckies have gone missing. In this fun and interactive lesson, students create groups of 10 using ten-frames and small rubber duck cut-outs. When given a number from 1-9, the students will find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number using a ten-frame and rubber duck cut-outs. The students will also explain how to combine two numbers to create a group of 10.

Wow! That's Ten!:

This activity will show students how exciting it can be to find groups of ten. The students must be able to recognize the number that is given as the first addend. They must then be able to work, using counters and a ten frame, toward creating another group that they can add to the first group to total one group of ten. They will work first with a partner using counters and during the assessment they would be expected to work on their own. Their completion of the assessment would show just how much of the skill they have or have not mastered.

An Amazing Sunny Day Story- Ways to Make 10:

In this lesson, students are shown a picture of a beach scene. They are asked to identify groups of ten within the picture. There are three pre-determined groups of ten with noticeable parts (people, starfish, coconuts). Using the picture, students will identify a group of ten, create an addition equation for the parts, and transfer the equation into sentences to tell the story.

Ten to Win!:

While playing Ten to Win, children represent numbers on a ten frame & determine how many more are needed to make ten. The game reinforces the number partners that make ten and supports fluency of addition and subtraction within ten.

Add it or Take it Away!:

In this lesson, students will solve real-world addition and subtraction problems (0-5) using various strategies.

Number Pairs to Ten:

In this lesson, the students will create and write equations for all of the ways to make ten on a ten-frame.

Quacking Addition – Sums within Ten:

This activity deepens the students' understanding of addition and recording addition sentences by using an engaging story about ducks in a pond.

SPLASH! Jumping In and Out of the Pond:

In this lesson, students will use manipulatives and equations to represent and solve addition and subtraction word problems.

What's Growing In Your Garden: Working with Word Problems:

In this lesson, students will solve addition and subtraction word problems within 10 related to a garden theme.

Counting On With SPLASH:

In this lesson, students will count forward from a given number while manipulating animals in a pond during a read aloud by the teacher.

Shelves of Shells!:

In this lesson students will help the teacher organize seashells on two shelves. Students will represent the number ten as the sum of two numbers and then create an addition sentence to match their "shelves of seashells." Students will also be asked to create all the ways to make ten.

How Many Hearts?:

In this lesson, students sing a song that provides practice problems in adding and subtracting. Students will use heart cut outs to model the story. Students will be encouraged to use drawings and record an equation to represent the story.

Balancing Equations:

This is an engaging, hands-on lesson to help the students understand the meaning of the equal sign. The lesson is written using a pan/equal arm balance but may be done with just connecting cubes.

You Are a Smart Cookie:

The students will use M&M's to find the number that makes 10, for any number from 1 to 9, when added to the given number. Students will record the answer as both a drawing and an equation.

Adding Circus Animals:

In this lesson, students learn to solve addition word problems within 10 using the engaging book by Jill Anderson Adding with Sebastian Pig and Friends At the Circus. This is the first in a series of four lessons on adding and subtracting within 10.

Add Up the Parts:

In this lesson, students learn to solve part-part-whole addition word problems within 10. The book Adding It Up by Rosemary Wells will be used to introduce the lesson.

Decomposition with Cheerios:

In this lesson, students will use Cheerios as manipulatives for decomposing numbers 5-10. Students will be encouraged to decompose numbers in as many different ways as possible. Students will also record their decompositions as addition equations.

Sums of Ten Pyramid:

In this lesson, students will play a card game to practice finding pairs of numbers that make 10 when added.

Popsicle Math:

This lesson explores ways to represent 10. The students will use two sided counters to investigate the ways that 10 can be broken apart and put back together. The students will also work in pairs to collaborate and expand their understanding of the concept.

Button Subtraction:

In this lesson, students learn to solve subtraction word problems within 10. The book, Pete the Cat and His Four Groovy Buttons will be used to engage students.

Monster Math - Composing and Decomposing the Number 10:

This activity will have students finding ways to make ten. Students use two colors of linking cubes to make and record equations of ten.

Disc Drop - Decomposing Ten:

In this lesson, students will use two-sided colored counters (discs) to decompose the number ten.

Sliding Beads:

Students will use number bracelets to practice representing numbers less than or equal to ten as a sum of two numbers. They will manipulate beads to find all possible combinations of making one number. This lesson required students to work with partners.

Ten Red Apples - One less:

This activity practices taking one away from a number to compose an equation.

Five Little Ducks - Decomposing Number 5:

In this activity students will recite the Five Little Ducks poem to decompose numbers using manipulatives and equations to represent the math.

Making Numbers in More Than One Way:

In this lesson, students will find the different ways a given number can be represented as the sum of two numbers. Students will use linking cubes, colored squares of construction paper, and written expressions.

10 Fat Turkeys – Practice with Subtracting One Within Ten:

In this lesson, students will work with subtraction within 10 by taking 1 away from a number.

Making Tens with Caterpillars:

In this lesson, students create caterpillars using two different colored circles to emphasize the addends that make 10. Students then write the equation they create, and do a gallery walk to record the other combinations that make 10.

Math Sticks:

In this activity, students practice decomposing numbers one through five, using fuzzy sticks and beads, and recording the equation for each decomposition.

Addition Story Problem Fun:

In this lesson, students will act out situations as an introduction to story problems. Students will also have the opportunity to solve addition story problems using manipulatives.

How Many Goldfish?:

In this lesson, students will solve addition and subtraction word problems using Goldfish crackers. Students will also work with a partner to create and solve their own addition and subtraction word problems.

Roll and Find the Missing Ten:

In this lesson, students will use a die to generate a number. Then, students will find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number.

Perspectives Video: Teaching Ideas

Name Description
The Van de Walle Dot Matrix: A tool to support concepts from counting to multiplying polynomials:

Unlock an effective teaching tool that can help students all the way from basic counting principles to multiplying polynomials.

Connecting Geometry to Numbers:

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for connecting geometry and numbers in order to build number sense in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

Equations on the Math Balance:

Unlock an effective teaching strategy for teaching inequalities and equations with the math balance in this Teacher Perspectives video for educators.

Problem-Solving Task

Name Description
Boys and Girls, Variation 2:

This task represents the Put Together/Take Apart with both addends unknown context for addition and subtraction. Once a student finds one correct answer, he/she can be encouraged to find another. Ask the student to use objects, pictures, or equations to represent each answer.

Tutorial

Name Description
Result Unknown - Subtraction Word Problem Within 10:

In this tutorial, you will learn how to solve a result unknown word problems: 10 - 2 = ?.



Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Original Student Tutorial

Title Description
Ten on the Farm:

Help Farmer Betsy! You'll use multiple strategies to make a ten and write equations in this interactive tutorial. 

Problem-Solving Task

Title Description
Boys and Girls, Variation 2:

This task represents the Put Together/Take Apart with both addends unknown context for addition and subtraction. Once a student finds one correct answer, he/she can be encouraged to find another. Ask the student to use objects, pictures, or equations to represent each answer.

Tutorial

Title Description
Result Unknown - Subtraction Word Problem Within 10:

In this tutorial, you will learn how to solve a result unknown word problems: 10 - 2 = ?.



Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this topic.

Problem-Solving Task

Title Description
Boys and Girls, Variation 2:

This task represents the Put Together/Take Apart with both addends unknown context for addition and subtraction. Once a student finds one correct answer, he/she can be encouraged to find another. Ask the student to use objects, pictures, or equations to represent each answer.

Tutorial

Title Description
Result Unknown - Subtraction Word Problem Within 10:

In this tutorial, you will learn how to solve a result unknown word problems: 10 - 2 = ?.