M/J Grade 8 Pre-Algebra (#1205070)

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Course Standards

General Course Information and Notes

General Notes

Additional content addressed on the Grade 8 NAEP Mathematics assessment includes:

Draw or sketch from a written description polygons, circles, or semicircles. (MAFS.7.G.1.2; include circles and semicircles)
Represent or describe a three-dimensional situation in a two-dimensional drawing from different views. (MAFS.6.G.1.4)
Demonstrate an understanding about the two- and three-dimensional shapes in our world through identifying, drawing, modeling, building, or taking apart. (MAFS.6.G.1.4, MAFS.7.G.1.3, MAFS.7.G.2.6)
Visualize or describe the cross section of a solid. (MAFS.7.G.1.3)
Represent geometric figures using rectangular coordinates on a plane. (MAFS.6.G.1.3)
Describe how mean, median, mode, range, or interquartile ranges relate to distribution shape. (MAFS.6.SP.2.5c)
Using appropriate statistical measures, compare two or more data sets describing the same characteristic for two different populations for subset of the same population. (MAFS.7.SP.2.3, MAFS.7.SP.2.4)
Given a sample, identify possible sources of bias in sampling. (MAFS.7.SP.1.1)
Distinguish between a random and nonrandom sample. (MAFS.7.SP.1.1)
Evaluate the design of an experiment. (MAFS.7.SP.1.2)
Determine the theoretical probability of simple and compound events in familiar contexts. (MAFS.7.SP.3.8a)
Estimate the probability of simple and compound events through experimentation or simulation. (MAFS.7.SP.3.8)
Use theoretical probability to evaluate or predict experimental outcomes. (MAFS.7.SP.3.6, MAFS.SP.3.7)
Describe relative positions of points and lines using the geometric ideas of midpoint, points on common line through a common point, parallelism, or perpendicularity.
Describe the intersection of two or more geometric figures in the plane (e.g., intersection of a circle and a line).
Make and test a geometric conjecture about regular polygons.

Version Requirements

In Grade 8, instructional time should focus on three critical areas: (1) formulating and reasoning about expressions and equations, including modeling an association in bivariate data with a linear equation, and solving linear equations and systems of linear equations; (2) grasping the concept of a function and using functions to describe quantitative relationships; (3) analyzing two- and three-dimensional space and figures using distance, angle, similarity, and congruence, and understanding and applying the Pythagorean Theorem.

Students use linear equations and systems of linear equations to represent, analyze, and solve a variety of problems. Students recognize equations for proportions (y/x = m or y = mx) as special linear equations (y = mx + b), understanding that the constant of proportionality (m) is the slope, and the graphs are lines through the origin. They understand that the slope (m) of a line is a constant rate of change, so that if the input or x-coordinate changes by an amount A, the output or y-coordinate changes by the amount m(A). Students also use a linear equation to describe the association between two quantities in bivariate data (such as arm span vs. height for students in a classroom). At this grade, fitting the model, and assessing its fit to the data are done informally. Interpreting the model in the context of the data requires students to express a relationship between the two quantities in question and to interpret components of the relationship (such as slope and y-intercept) in terms of the situation.

Students strategically choose and efficiently implement procedures to solve linear equations in one variable, understanding that when they use the properties of equality and concept of logical equivalence, they maintain the solutions of the original equation. Students solve systems of two linear equations in two variables and relate the systems to pairs of lines in the plane; these intersect, are parallel, or are the same line. Students use linear equations, systems of linear equations, linear functions, and their understanding of slope of a line to analyze situations and solve problems.

Students grasp the concept of a function as a rule that assigns to each input exactly one output. They understand that functions describe situations where one quantity determines another. They can translate among representations and partial representations of functions (noting that tabular and graphical representations may be partial representations), and they describe how aspects of the function are reflected in the different representations.

Students use ideas about distance and angles, how they behave under translations, rotations, reflections, and dilation, and ideas about congruence and similarity to describe and analyze two-dimensional figures and to solve problems. Students show that the sum of the angles in a triangle is the angle formed by a straight line, and that various configurations of lines give rise to similar triangles because of the angles created when a traversal cuts parallel lines. Students understand the statement of the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse, and can explain why the Pythagorean Theorem holds, for example, by decomposing a square in two different ways. They apply the Pythagorean Theorem to find distances between points on the coordinate plane, to find lengths, and to analyze polygons. Students complete their work on volume by solving problems involving cones, cylinders, and spheres.

General Information

Course Number: 1205070

Course Path:

Section: Grades PreK to 12 Education Courses > Grade Group: Grades 6 to 8 Education Courses > Subject: Mathematics > SubSubject: General Mathematics >

Abbreviated Title: M/J GRADE 8 PRE-ALG

Course Length: Year (Y)

Course Type: Core Academic Course

Course Level: 2

Course Status: Course Approved

Grade Level(s): 6,7,8

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this course.

Original Student Tutorials

Modelling The Solar System Part 2: Scientific Notation:

Use scientific notation to compare the distances of planets and other objects from the Sun in this interactive tutorial.