Access M/J Grade 8 Pre-Algebra (#7812030) 


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Course Standards


Name Description
MA.8.AR.1.1: Apply the Laws of Exponents to generate equivalent algebraic expressions, limited to integer exponents and monomial bases.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Refer to the K-12 Formulas (Appendix E) for the Laws of Exponents.

Examples:
The expression begin mathsize 12px style open parentheses 3 x cubed y to the power of negative 2 end exponent close parentheses cubed end style is equivalent to begin mathsize 12px style 27 x to the power of 9 y to the power of negative 6 end exponent end style.
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MA.8.AR.1.AP.1: Use the properties of integer exponents and product/quotient of powers with like bases to produce equivalent algebraic expressions limited to positive exponents and monomial bases.

MA.8.AR.1.2: Apply properties of operations to multiply two linear expressions with rational coefficients.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Problems are limited to products where at least one of the factors is a monomial.

Clarification 2: Refer to Properties of Operations, Equality and Inequality (Appendix D).


Examples:
The product of (1.1+x) and (-2.3x) can be expressed as -2.53x-2.3x² or -2.3x²-2.53x.
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MA.8.AR.1.AP.2: Use the distributive property to multiply a monomial by a linear expression.

MA.8.AR.1.3: Rewrite the sum of two algebraic expressions having a common monomial factor as a common factor multiplied by the sum of two algebraic expressions.
Examples:
The expression 99x-11x³ can be rewritten as 11x(9-x²) or as -11x(-9+x² ).
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MA.8.AR.1.AP.3: Rewrite the sum of two linear algebraic expressions having a common whole number monomial factor as the common factor multiplied by the sum of two linear algebraic expressions.

MA.8.AR.2.1: Solve multi-step linear equations in one variable, with rational number coefficients. Include equations with variables on both sides.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Problem types include examples of one-variable linear equations that generate one solution, infinitely many solutions or no solution.
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MA.8.AR.2.AP.1a: Identify the steps to solve a given multi-step equation in one variable, with integers coefficients. Include equations with variables on both sides.
MA.8.AR.2.AP.1b: Solve multi-step equations in one variable, with integers coefficients. Include equations with variables on both sides.

MA.8.AR.2.2: Solve two-step linear inequalities in one variable and represent solutions algebraically and graphically.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes inequalities in the forms px±q>r and p(x±q)>r, where p, q and r are specific rational numbers and where any inequality symbol can be represented.

Clarification 2: Problems include inequalities where the variable may be on either side of the inequality.

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MA.8.AR.2.AP.2: Select a two-step inequality from a list that represents a real-world situation and use substitution to solve.

MA.8.AR.2.3: Given an equation in the form of x²=p and x³=q, where p is a whole number and q is an integer, determine the real solutions.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction focuses on understanding that when solving x²=p, there is both a positive and negative solution.

Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, the expectation is to calculate square roots of perfect squares up to 225 and cube roots of perfect cubes from -125 to 125.

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MA.8.AR.2.AP.3:

Given an equation in the form of x²= p and x³= q, use tools to determine real solutions where p is a perfect square up to 144 and q is a perfect cube from –125 to 125.


MA.8.AR.3.1: Determine if a linear relationship is also a proportional relationship.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction focuses on the understanding that proportional relationships are linear relationships whose graph passes through the origin.

Clarification 2: Instruction includes the representation of relationships using tables, graphs, equations and written descriptions.

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MA.8.AR.3.AP.1: Given a table, a graph, or equation, determine whether a linear relationship is proportional.

MA.8.AR.3.2: Given a table, graph or written description of a linear relationship, determine the slope.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Problem types include cases where two points are given to determine the slope.

Clarification 2: Instruction includes making connections of slope to the constant of proportionality and to similar triangles represented on the coordinate plane.

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MA.8.AR.3.AP.2: Given a table or graph of a linear relationship, identify the slope.

MA.8.AR.3.3: Given a table, graph or written description of a linear relationship, write an equation in slope-intercept form.
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MA.8.AR.3.AP.3: Given a table or graph of a linear relationship, identify from a list, the equation in slope-intercept form.

MA.8.AR.3.4: Given a mathematical or real-world context, graph a two-variable linear equation from a written description, a table or an equation in slope-intercept form.
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MA.8.AR.3.AP.4: Graph a two-variable linear equation from a table or an equation in slope-intercept form.

MA.8.AR.3.5: Given a real-world context, determine and interpret the slope and y-intercept of a two-variable linear equation from a written description, a table, a graph or an equation in slope-intercept form.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Problems include conversions with temperature and equations of lines of fit in scatter plots.

Examples:
Raul bought a palm tree to plant at his house. He records the growth over many months and creates the equation h=0.21m+4.9, where h is the height of the palm tree in feet and m is the number of months. Interpret the slope and y-intercept from his equation.
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MA.8.AR.3.AP.5: Given a real-world context, identify the slope and y-intercept of a two-variable linear equation from a table, a graph or an equation in slope-intercept form.

MA.8.AR.4.1: Given a system of two linear equations and a specified set of possible solutions, determine which ordered pairs satisfy the system of linear equations.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction focuses on the understanding that a solution to a system of equations satisfies both linear equations simultaneously.
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MA.8.AR.4.AP.1a: Given a system of two linear equations displayed on a graph, identify the solution of a system as the point where the two lines intersect.
MA.8.AR.4.AP.1b: Identify the coordinates of the point of intersection for two linear equations plotted on a coordinate plane.

MA.8.AR.4.2: Given a system of two linear equations represented graphically on the same coordinate plane, determine whether there is one solution, no solution or infinitely many solutions.
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MA.8.AR.4.AP.2: Given a system of two linear equations represented graphically on the same coordinate plane, identify whether there is one solution or no solution.

MA.8.AR.4.3: Given a mathematical or real-world context, solve systems of two linear equations by graphing.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes approximating non-integer solutions.

Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, it is the expectation to represent systems of linear equations in slope-intercept form only.

Clarification 3: Instruction includes recognizing that parallel lines have the same slope.

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Name Description
MA.8.AR.4.AP.3: Given two sets of coordinates for two lines, plot the lines on a coordinate plane and describe or select the solution to a system of linear equations.

MA.8.DP.1.1: Given a set of real-world bivariate numerical data, construct a scatter plot or a line graph as appropriate for the context.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes recognizing similarities and differences between scatter plots and line graphs, and on determining which is more appropriate as a representation of the data based on the context.

Clarification 2: Sets of data are limited to 20 points.


Examples:
Example: Jaylyn is collecting data about the relationship between grades in English and grades in mathematics. He represents the data using a scatter plot because he is interested if there is an association between the two variables without thinking of either one as an independent or dependent variable.

Example: Samantha is collecting data on her weekly quiz grade in her social studies class. She represents the data using a line graph with time as the independent variable.

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Name Description
MA.8.DP.1.AP.1: Graph bivariate data using a scatter plot.

MA.8.DP.1.2: Given a scatter plot within a real-world context, describe patterns of association.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Descriptions include outliers; positive or negative association; linear or nonlinear association; strong or weak association.
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MA.8.DP.1.AP.2: Given a scatter plot, identify whether the patterns of association are no association, positive association, negative association, linear or nonlinear.

MA.8.DP.1.3: Given a scatter plot with a linear association, informally fit a straight line.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction focuses on the connection to linear functions.

Clarification 2: Instruction includes using a variety of tools, including a ruler, to draw a line with approximately the same number of points above and below the line.

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MA.8.DP.1.AP.3: Given a scatter plot with a linear association, use tools to draw or place a line of fit.

MA.8.DP.2.1: Determine the sample space for a repeated experiment.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes recording sample spaces for repeated experiments using organized lists, tables or tree diagrams.

Clarification 2: Experiments to be repeated are limited to tossing a fair coin, rolling a fair die, picking a card randomly from a deck with replacement, picking marbles randomly from a bag with replacement and spinning a fair spinner.

Clarification 3: Repetition of experiments is limited to two times except for tossing a coin.

Related Access Points
Name Description
MA.8.DP.2.AP.1: Use a tool (table, list or tree diagram) to record results of a repeated experiment.

MA.8.DP.2.2: Find the theoretical probability of an event related to a repeated experiment.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes representing probability as a fraction, percentage or decimal.

Clarification 2: Experiments to be repeated are limited to tossing a fair coin, rolling a fair die, picking a card randomly from a deck with replacement, picking marbles randomly from a bag with replacement and spinning a fair spinner.

Clarification 3: Repetition of experiments is limited to two times except for tossing a coin.

Related Access Points
Name Description
MA.8.DP.2.AP.2: Select the theoretical probability of an event related to a repeated experiment from a list.

MA.8.DP.2.3: Solve real-world problems involving probabilities related to single or repeated experiments, including making predictions based on theoretical probability.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes making connections to proportional relationships and representing probability as a fraction, percentage or decimal.

Clarification 2: Experiments to be repeated are limited to tossing a fair coin, rolling a fair die, picking a card randomly from a deck with replacement, picking marbles randomly from a bag with replacement and spinning a fair spinner.

Clarification 3: Repetition of experiments is limited to two times except for tossing a coin.


Examples:
Example: If Gabriella rolls a fair die 300 times, she can predict that she will roll a 3 approximately 50 times since the theoretical probability is begin mathsize 12px style 1 over 6 end style.

Example: Sandra performs an experiment where she flips a coin three times. She finds the theoretical probability of landing on exactly one head as begin mathsize 12px style 3 over 8 end style. If she performs this experiment 50 times (for a total of 150 flips), predict the number of repetitions of the experiment that will result in exactly one of the three flips landing on heads.

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Name Description
MA.8.DP.2.AP.3: Compare actual results of an experiment with its theoretical probability (e.g., make a statement that describes the relationship between the actual results of an experiment with its theoretical probability [e.g., more, less, same, different, equal]).

MA.8.F.1.1: Given a set of ordered pairs, a table, a graph or mapping diagram, determine whether the relationship is a function. Identify the domain and range of the relation.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes referring to the input as the independent variable and the output as the dependent variable.

Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, it is the expectation to represent domain and range as a list of numbers or as an inequality.

Related Access Points
Name Description
MA.8.F.1.AP.1a: Given a set of ordered pairs, a table or mapping diagram identify whether the relationship is a function.
MA.8.F.1.AP.1b: Given a set of ordered pairs, a table or mapping diagram identify the domain and range of the relation.

MA.8.F.1.2: Given a function defined by a graph or an equation, determine whether the function is a linear function. Given an input-output table, determine whether it could represent a linear function.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes recognizing that a table may not determine a function.
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MA.8.F.1.AP.2: Given a function displayed on a graph or an equation, identify whether the function is a linear function.

MA.8.F.1.3: Analyze a real-world written description or graphical representation of a functional relationship between two quantities and identify where the function is increasing, decreasing or constant.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Problem types are limited to continuous functions.

Clarification 2: Analysis includes writing a description of a graphical representation or sketching a graph from a written description.

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MA.8.F.1.AP.3: Given a functional relationship displayed as a graph, identify where the function is increasing, decreasing or constant.

MA.8.GR.1.1: Apply the Pythagorean Theorem to solve mathematical and real-world problems involving unknown side lengths in right triangles.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes exploring right triangles with natural-number side lengths to illustrate the Pythagorean Theorem.

Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, the expectation is to memorize the Pythagorean Theorem.

Clarification 3: Radicands are limited to whole numbers up to 225.

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Name Description
MA.8.GR.1.AP.1: Find the hypotenuse of a two-dimensional right triangle using the Pythagorean Theorem.

MA.8.GR.1.2: Apply the Pythagorean Theorem to solve mathematical and real-world problems involving the distance between two points in a coordinate plane.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes making connections between distance on the coordinate plane and right triangles.

Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, the expectation is to memorize the Pythagorean Theorem. It is not the expectation to use the distance formula.

Clarification 3: Radicands are limited to whole numbers up to 225.


Examples:
The distance between (-2,7) and (0,6) can be found by creating a right triangle with the vertex of the right angle at the point (-2,6). This gives a height of the right triangle as 1 unit and a base of 2 units. Then using the Pythagorean Theorem the distance can be determined from the equation 1²+2²=c², which is equivalent to 5=c². So, the distance is begin mathsize 12px style square root of 5 end styleunits.
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Name Description
MA.8.GR.1.AP.2: Given the Pythagorean Theorem, determine lengths/distances between two points in a coordinate system by forming right triangles, with natural number side lengths.

MA.8.GR.1.3: Use the Triangle Inequality Theorem to determine if a triangle can be formed from a given set of sides. Use the converse of the Pythagorean Theorem to determine if a right triangle can be formed from a given set of sides.
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Name Description
MA.8.GR.1.AP.3a: Measure the sides of triangles to establish facts about the Triangle Inequality Theorem (i.e., the sum of two side lengths is greater than the third side).
MA.8.GR.1.AP.3b: Substitute the side lengths of a given figure into the Pythagorean Theorem to determine if a right triangle can be formed.

MA.8.GR.1.4: Solve mathematical problems involving the relationships between supplementary, complementary, vertical or adjacent angles.
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MA.8.GR.1.AP.4: Identify supplementary, complementary, vertical or adjacent angle relationships.

MA.8.GR.1.5: Solve problems involving the relationships of interior and exterior angles of a triangle.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Problems include using the Triangle Sum Theorem and representing angle measures as algebraic expressions.
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MA.8.GR.1.AP.5: Given an image, solve simple problems involving the relationships of interior and exterior angles of a triangle.

MA.8.GR.1.6: Develop and use formulas for the sums of the interior angles of regular polygons by decomposing them into triangles.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Problems include representing angle measures as algebraic expressions.
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Name Description
MA.8.GR.1.AP.6: Use tools to calculate the sum of the interior angles of regular polygons when given the formula.

MA.8.GR.2.1: Given a preimage and image generated by a single transformation, identify the transformation that describes the relationship.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Within this benchmark, transformations are limited to reflections, translations or rotations of images.

Clarification 2: Instruction focuses on the preservation of congruence so that a figure maps onto a copy of itself.

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MA.8.GR.2.AP.1: Given two figures on a coordinate plane, identify if the image is translated, rotated or reflected.

MA.8.GR.2.2: Given a preimage and image generated by a single dilation, identify the scale factor that describes the relationship.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes the connection to scale drawings and proportions.

Clarification 2: Instruction focuses on the preservation of similarity and the lack of preservation of congruence when a figure maps onto a scaled copy of itself, unless the scaling factor is 1.

Related Access Points
Name Description
MA.8.GR.2.AP.2: Given a preimage and image describe the effect the dilation has on the two figures.

MA.8.GR.2.3: Describe and apply the effect of a single transformation on two-dimensional figures using coordinates and the coordinate plane.
Clarifications:

Clarification 1: Within this benchmark, transformations are limited to reflections, translations, rotations or dilations of images. 
Clarification 2: Lines of reflection are limited to the x-axis, y-axis or lines parallel to the axes.

Clarification 3: Rotations must be about the origin and are limited to 90°, 180°, 270° or 360°.

Clarification 4: Dilations must be centered at the origin.

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MA.8.GR.2.AP.3: Identify the coordinates of the vertices of a common polygon after a single translation, rotation or dilation on the coordinate plane.

MA.8.GR.2.4: Solve mathematical and real-world problems involving proportional relationships between similar triangles.
Examples:
During a Tampa Bay Lightning game one player, Johnson, passes the puck to his teammate, Stamkos, by bouncing the puck off the wall of the rink. The path of the puck creates two line segments that form hypotenuses for each of two similar right triangles, with the height of each triangle the distance from one of the players to the wall of the rink. If Johnson is 12 feet from the wall and Stamkos is 3 feet from the wall. How far did the puck travel from the wall of the rink to Stamkos if the distance traveled from Johnson to the wall was 16 feet?
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MA.8.GR.2.AP.4: Use tools to solve mathematical problems using proportions between similar triangles.

MA.8.NSO.1.1: Extend previous understanding of rational numbers to define irrational numbers within the real number system. Locate an approximate value of a numerical expression involving irrational numbers on a number line.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes the use of number line and rational number approximations, and recognizing pi (π) as an irrational number.

Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, the expectation is to approximate numerical expressions involving one arithmetic operation and estimating square roots or pi (π).


Examples:
Within the expression begin mathsize 12px style 1 plus square root of 30 end style, the irrational number begin mathsize 12px style square root of 30 end style can be estimated to be between 5 and 6 because 30 is between 25 and 36. By considering begin mathsize 12px style open parentheses 5.4 close parentheses squared end style and begin mathsize 12px style open parentheses 5.5 close parentheses squared end style, a closer approximation for begin mathsize 12px style square root of 30 end style is 5.5. So, the expression begin mathsize 12px style 1 plus square root of 30 end style is equivalent to about 6.5.
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Name Description
MA.8.NSO.1.AP.1: Locate approximations of irrational numbers on a number line.

MA.8.NSO.1.2: Plot, order and compare rational and irrational numbers, represented in various forms.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Within this benchmark, it is not the expectation to work with the number e.

Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, the expectation is to plot, order and compare square roots and cube roots.

Clarification 3: Within this benchmark, the expectation is to use symbols (<, > or =).

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Name Description
MA.8.NSO.1.AP.2: Use appropriate tools to plot, order, and compare simple square roots and cube roots for quantities less than 100.

MA.8.NSO.1.3: Extend previous understanding of the Laws of Exponents to include integer exponents. Apply the Laws of Exponents to evaluate numerical expressions and generate equivalent numerical expressions, limited to integer exponents and rational number bases, with procedural fluency.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Refer to the K-12 Formulas (Appendix E) for the Laws of Exponents.

Examples:

The expression begin mathsize 12px style 2 to the power of 4 over 2 to the power of 7 end style is equivalent to begin mathsize 12px style 2 to the power of negative 3 end exponent end style which is equivalent to begin mathsize 12px style 1 over 8 end style.

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MA.8.NSO.1.AP.3: Use the properties of integer exponents and product/quotient of powers with like bases to produce equivalent expressions.

MA.8.NSO.1.4: Express numbers in scientific notation to represent and approximate very large or very small quantities. Determine how many times larger or smaller one number is compared to a second number.
Examples:
Roderick is comparing two numbers shown in scientific notation on his calculator. The first number was displayed as 2.3147E27 and the second number was displayed as 3.5982E-5. Roderick determines that the first number is about 10³² times bigger than the second number.
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MA.8.NSO.1.AP.4: Multiply a single-digit number by the power of 10 using a calculator. Identify whether the number in scientific notation represents a very large or very small quantity.

MA.8.NSO.1.5: Add, subtract, multiply and divide numbers expressed in scientific notation with procedural fluency.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Within this benchmark, for addition and subtraction with numbers expressed in scientific notation, exponents are limited to within 2 of each other.

Examples:
The sum of begin mathsize 12px style 2.31 cross times 10 to the power of 15 space a n d space 9.1 cross times 10 to the power of 13 space i s space 2.401 cross times 10 to the power of 15 space end style.
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MA.8.NSO.1.AP.5: Perform operations with numbers expressed in scientific notation using a calculator.

MA.8.NSO.1.6: Solve real-world problems involving operations with numbers expressed in scientific notation.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Instruction includes recognizing the importance of significant digits when physical measurements are involved.

Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, for addition and subtraction with numbers expressed in scientific notation, exponents are limited to within 2 of each other.

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MA.8.NSO.1.AP.6: Given a real-world problem, perform operations with numbers expressed in scientific notation using a calculator and interpret the answer in context.

MA.8.NSO.1.7: Solve multi-step mathematical and real-world problems involving the order of operations with rational numbers including exponents and radicals.
Clarifications:
Clarification 1: Multi-step expressions are limited to 6 or fewer steps.

Clarification 2: Within this benchmark, the expectation is to simplify radicals by factoring square roots of perfect squares up to 225 and cube roots of perfect cubes from -125 to 125.


Examples:
The expression begin mathsize 12px style open parentheses negative 1 half close parentheses squared plus square root of open parentheses 2 cubed plus 8 close parentheses end root end style is equivalent to begin mathsize 12px style 1 fourth plus square root of 16 end style which is equivalent tobegin mathsize 12px style 1 fourth plus 4 end stylewhich is equivalent to begin mathsize 12px style 17 over 4 end style.
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MA.8.NSO.1.AP.7: Use tools to solve multi-step mathematical problems, with four or fewer steps, involving the order of operations with rational numbers including exponents and perfect squares and/or square roots.

MA.K12.MTR.1.1: Actively participate in effortful learning both individually and collectively.  

Mathematicians who participate in effortful learning both individually and with others: 

  • Analyze the problem in a way that makes sense given the task. 
  • Ask questions that will help with solving the task. 
  • Build perseverance by modifying methods as needed while solving a challenging task. 
  • Stay engaged and maintain a positive mindset when working to solve tasks. 
  • Help and support each other when attempting a new method or approach.

 

Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to participate actively in effortful learning both individually and with others:
  • Cultivate a community of growth mindset learners. 
  • Foster perseverance in students by choosing tasks that are challenging. 
  • Develop students’ ability to analyze and problem solve. 
  • Recognize students’ effort when solving challenging problems.
MA.K12.MTR.2.1: Demonstrate understanding by representing problems in multiple ways.  

Mathematicians who demonstrate understanding by representing problems in multiple ways:  

  • Build understanding through modeling and using manipulatives.
  • Represent solutions to problems in multiple ways using objects, drawings, tables, graphs and equations.
  • Progress from modeling problems with objects and drawings to using algorithms and equations.
  • Express connections between concepts and representations.
  • Choose a representation based on the given context or purpose.
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to demonstrate understanding by representing problems in multiple ways: 
  • Help students make connections between concepts and representations.
  • Provide opportunities for students to use manipulatives when investigating concepts.
  • Guide students from concrete to pictorial to abstract representations as understanding progresses.
  • Show students that various representations can have different purposes and can be useful in different situations. 
MA.K12.MTR.3.1: Complete tasks with mathematical fluency. 

Mathematicians who complete tasks with mathematical fluency:

  • Select efficient and appropriate methods for solving problems within the given context.
  • Maintain flexibility and accuracy while performing procedures and mental calculations.
  • Complete tasks accurately and with confidence.
  • Adapt procedures to apply them to a new context.
  • Use feedback to improve efficiency when performing calculations. 
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to complete tasks with mathematical fluency:
  • Provide students with the flexibility to solve problems by selecting a procedure that allows them to solve efficiently and accurately.
  • Offer multiple opportunities for students to practice efficient and generalizable methods.
  • Provide opportunities for students to reflect on the method they used and determine if a more efficient method could have been used. 
MA.K12.MTR.4.1: Engage in discussions that reflect on the mathematical thinking of self and others. 

Mathematicians who engage in discussions that reflect on the mathematical thinking of self and others:

  • Communicate mathematical ideas, vocabulary and methods effectively.
  • Analyze the mathematical thinking of others.
  • Compare the efficiency of a method to those expressed by others.
  • Recognize errors and suggest how to correctly solve the task.
  • Justify results by explaining methods and processes.
  • Construct possible arguments based on evidence. 
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to engage in discussions that reflect on the mathematical thinking of self and others:
  • Establish a culture in which students ask questions of the teacher and their peers, and error is an opportunity for learning.
  • Create opportunities for students to discuss their thinking with peers.
  • Select, sequence and present student work to advance and deepen understanding of correct and increasingly efficient methods.
  • Develop students’ ability to justify methods and compare their responses to the responses of their peers. 
MA.K12.MTR.5.1: Use patterns and structure to help understand and connect mathematical concepts. 

Mathematicians who use patterns and structure to help understand and connect mathematical concepts:

  • Focus on relevant details within a problem.
  • Create plans and procedures to logically order events, steps or ideas to solve problems.
  • Decompose a complex problem into manageable parts.
  • Relate previously learned concepts to new concepts.
  • Look for similarities among problems.
  • Connect solutions of problems to more complicated large-scale situations. 
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to use patterns and structure to help understand and connect mathematical concepts:
  • Help students recognize the patterns in the world around them and connect these patterns to mathematical concepts.
  • Support students to develop generalizations based on the similarities found among problems.
  • Provide opportunities for students to create plans and procedures to solve problems.
  • Develop students’ ability to construct relationships between their current understanding and more sophisticated ways of thinking.
MA.K12.MTR.6.1: Assess the reasonableness of solutions. 

Mathematicians who assess the reasonableness of solutions: 

  • Estimate to discover possible solutions.
  • Use benchmark quantities to determine if a solution makes sense.
  • Check calculations when solving problems.
  • Verify possible solutions by explaining the methods used.
  • Evaluate results based on the given context. 
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to assess the reasonableness of solutions:
  • Have students estimate or predict solutions prior to solving.
  • Prompt students to continually ask, “Does this solution make sense? How do you know?”
  • Reinforce that students check their work as they progress within and after a task.
  • Strengthen students’ ability to verify solutions through justifications. 
MA.K12.MTR.7.1: Apply mathematics to real-world contexts. 

Mathematicians who apply mathematics to real-world contexts:

  • Connect mathematical concepts to everyday experiences.
  • Use models and methods to understand, represent and solve problems.
  • Perform investigations to gather data or determine if a method is appropriate. • Redesign models and methods to improve accuracy or efficiency. 
Clarifications:
Teachers who encourage students to apply mathematics to real-world contexts:
  • Provide opportunities for students to create models, both concrete and abstract, and perform investigations.
  • Challenge students to question the accuracy of their models and methods.
  • Support students as they validate conclusions by comparing them to the given situation.
  • Indicate how various concepts can be applied to other disciplines.
ELA.K12.EE.1.1: Cite evidence to explain and justify reasoning.
Clarifications:
K-1 Students include textual evidence in their oral communication with guidance and support from adults. The evidence can consist of details from the text without naming the text. During 1st grade, students learn how to incorporate the evidence in their writing.

2-3 Students include relevant textual evidence in their written and oral communication. Students should name the text when they refer to it. In 3rd grade, students should use a combination of direct and indirect citations.

4-5 Students continue with previous skills and reference comments made by speakers and peers. Students cite texts that they’ve directly quoted, paraphrased, or used for information. When writing, students will use the form of citation dictated by the instructor or the style guide referenced by the instructor. 

6-8 Students continue with previous skills and use a style guide to create a proper citation.

9-12 Students continue with previous skills and should be aware of existing style guides and the ways in which they differ.

ELA.K12.EE.2.1: Read and comprehend grade-level complex texts proficiently.
Clarifications:
See Text Complexity for grade-level complexity bands and a text complexity rubric.
ELA.K12.EE.3.1: Make inferences to support comprehension.
Clarifications:
Students will make inferences before the words infer or inference are introduced. Kindergarten students will answer questions like “Why is the girl smiling?” or make predictions about what will happen based on the title page. Students will use the terms and apply them in 2nd grade and beyond.
ELA.K12.EE.4.1: Use appropriate collaborative techniques and active listening skills when engaging in discussions in a variety of situations.
Clarifications:
In kindergarten, students learn to listen to one another respectfully.

In grades 1-2, students build upon these skills by justifying what they are thinking. For example: “I think ________ because _______.” The collaborative conversations are becoming academic conversations.

In grades 3-12, students engage in academic conversations discussing claims and justifying their reasoning, refining and applying skills. Students build on ideas, propel the conversation, and support claims and counterclaims with evidence.

ELA.K12.EE.5.1: Use the accepted rules governing a specific format to create quality work.
Clarifications:
Students will incorporate skills learned into work products to produce quality work. For students to incorporate these skills appropriately, they must receive instruction. A 3rd grade student creating a poster board display must have instruction in how to effectively present information to do quality work.
ELA.K12.EE.6.1: Use appropriate voice and tone when speaking or writing.
Clarifications:
In kindergarten and 1st grade, students learn the difference between formal and informal language. For example, the way we talk to our friends differs from the way we speak to adults. In 2nd grade and beyond, students practice appropriate social and academic language to discuss texts.
ELD.K12.ELL.MA.1: English language learners communicate information, ideas and concepts necessary for academic success in the content area of Mathematics.
ELD.K12.ELL.SI.1: English language learners communicate for social and instructional purposes within the school setting.



General Course Information and Notes

VERSION DESCRIPTION

Access Courses:

Access courses are for students with the most significant cognitive disabilities. Access courses are designed to provide students access to grade-level general curriculum. Access points are alternate academic achievement standards included in access courses that target the salient content of Florida’s standards. Access points are intentionally designed to academically challenge students with the most significant cognitive disabilities. 


GENERAL NOTES

English Language Development ELD Standards Special Notes Section:

Teachers are required to provide listening, speaking, reading and writing instruction that allows English language learners (ELL) to communicate information, ideas and concepts for academic success in the content area of Language Arts. For the given level of English language proficiency and with visual, graphic, or interactive support, students will interact with grade level words, expressions, sentences and discourse to process or produce language necessary for academic success. The ELD standard should specify a relevant content area concept or topic of study chosen by curriculum developers and teachers which maximizes an ELL's need for communication and social skills. To access an ELL supporting document which delineates performance definitions and descriptors, please click on the following link: https://cpalmsmediaprod.blob.core.windows.net/uploads/docs/standards/eld/la.pdf.


General Information

Course Number: 7812030 Course Path: Section: Exceptional Student Education > Grade Group: Middle/Junior High > Subject: Academics - Subject Areas >
Abbreviated Title: ACC M/J GR8 PRE-ALG
Course Attributes:
  • Class Size Core Required
  • Florida Standards Course
Course Type: Core Academic Course
Course Status: Course Approved



Educator Certifications

Exceptional Student Education (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Elementary Education (Grades K-6)
Exceptional Student Education (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Elementary Education (Grades K-6)
Elementary Education (Elementary Grades 1-6) Plus Exceptional Student Education (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Elementary Education (Elementary Grades 1-6) Plus Exceptional Student Education (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Mathematics (Grades 6-12) Plus Exceptional Student Education (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Mathematics (Grades 6-12) Plus Exceptional Student Education (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Mathematics (Elementary Grades 1-6) Plus Exceptional Student Education (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Mathematics (Elementary Grades 1-6) Plus Exceptional Student Education (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Exceptional Student Education (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Middle Grades Mathematics (Middle Grades 5-9)
Exceptional Student Education (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Middle Grades Mathematics (Middle Grades 5-9)
Mentally Handicapped (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Elementary Education (Grades K-6)
Mentally Handicapped (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Elementary Education (Grades K-6)
Elementary Education (Elementary Grades 1-6) Plus Mentally Handicapped (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Elementary Education (Elementary Grades 1-6) Plus Mentally Handicapped (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Mathematics (Grades 6-12) Plus Mentally Handicapped (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Mathematics (Grades 6-12) Plus Mentally Handicapped (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Mathematics (Elementary Grades 1-6) Plus Mentally Handicapped (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Mathematics (Elementary Grades 1-6) Plus Mentally Handicapped (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12)
Mentally Handicapped (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Middle Grades Mathematics (Middle Grades 5-9)
Mentally Handicapped (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Middle Grades Mathematics (Middle Grades 5-9)
Varying Exceptionalities (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Elementary Education (Grades K-6)
Varying Exceptionalities (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Elementary Education (Grades K-6)
Varying Exceptionalities (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Elementary Education (Elementary Grades 1-6)
Varying Exceptionalities (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Elementary Education (Elementary Grades 1-6)
Varying Exceptionalities (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Mathematics (Grades 6-12)
Varying Exceptionalities (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Mathematics (Grades 6-12)
Varying Exceptionalities (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Mathematics (Elementary Grades 1-6)
Varying Exceptionalities (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Mathematics (Elementary Grades 1-6)
Varying Exceptionalities (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Middle Grades Mathematics (Middle Grades 5-9)
Varying Exceptionalities (Elementary and Secondary Grades K-12) Plus Middle Grades Mathematics (Middle Grades 5-9)


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