MAFS.1.OA.4.8Archived Standard

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Determine the unknown whole number in an addition or subtraction equation relating to three whole numbers. For example, determine the unknown number that makes the equation true in each of the equations 8 + ? = 11, 5 = [] – 3, 6 + 6 = [].
General Information
Subject Area: Mathematics
Grade: 1
Domain-Subdomain: Operations and Algebraic Thinking
Cluster: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts
Cluster: Work with addition and subtraction equations. (Major Cluster) -

Clusters should not be sorted from Major to Supporting and then taught in that order. To do so would strip the coherence of the mathematical ideas and miss the opportunity to enhance the major work of the grade with the supporting clusters.

Date Adopted or Revised: 02/14
Content Complexity Rating: Level 2: Basic Application of Skills & Concepts - More Information
Date of Last Rating: 02/14
Status: State Board Approved - Archived

Related Courses

This benchmark is part of these courses.
5012030: Grade One Mathematics (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
7712020: Access Mathematics Grade 1 (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
5012005: Foundational Skills in Mathematics K-2 (Specifically in versions: 2019 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))

Related Access Points

Alternate version of this benchmark for students with significant cognitive disabilities.

Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Formative Assessments

Unknowns In Word Problems:

Students are read a word problem and given an equation that matches the problem, and then asked to solve for the unknown in the equation.

Type: Formative Assessment

What Is the Missing Number?:

Students are given equations and asked to find missing numbers.

Type: Formative Assessment

Unknowns In Equations:

Students are asked to find the unknown in three different equations and explain their reasoning.

Type: Formative Assessment

Find the Missing Number:

Students are given equations with a missing number and asked to find the missing number.

Type: Formative Assessment

Lesson Plans

The Whole Part:

Students will participate in a variety of activities and use part-part-whole graphic organizers to discover unknown addends in put together addition situations.

Type: Lesson Plan

Make Mine Equal:

Students will explore the meaning of the equal sign by creating and completing equations that have two addends on each side of the equation. Note that this lesson focuses on addition equations, though it can easily be adapted to include subtraction equations.

Type: Lesson Plan

Ladybug Missing Numbers:

This lesson will introduce the concept of determining missing numbers in addition equations.

Type: Lesson Plan

Problem-Solving Tasks

Find the Missing Number:

This task asks students to solve addition and subtraction equations with different structures so that they are able to see the connections between addition and subtraction more easily. Examples should be presented with the the sum or difference on either side of the equal sign in order to dispel the notion that = means "compute."

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Kiri's Mathematics Match Game:

In all versions, students must engage basic addition and subtraction facts. In the memory version, after a student has turned over one card, in order to know whether there is a match using cards they've seen, they need to to solve equations of the form ?+b=c, b+?=c, ?-b=c, and b-?=c.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Tutorials

Subtraction - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in a subtraction equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Addition - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in an addition equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

MFAS Formative Assessments

Find the Missing Number:

Students are given equations with a missing number and asked to find the missing number.

Unknowns In Equations:

Students are asked to find the unknown in three different equations and explain their reasoning.

Unknowns In Word Problems:

Students are read a word problem and given an equation that matches the problem, and then asked to solve for the unknown in the equation.

What Is the Missing Number?:

Students are given equations and asked to find missing numbers.

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Problem-Solving Task

Find the Missing Number:

This task asks students to solve addition and subtraction equations with different structures so that they are able to see the connections between addition and subtraction more easily. Examples should be presented with the the sum or difference on either side of the equal sign in order to dispel the notion that = means "compute."

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Tutorials

Subtraction - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in a subtraction equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Addition - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in an addition equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Problem-Solving Tasks

Find the Missing Number:

This task asks students to solve addition and subtraction equations with different structures so that they are able to see the connections between addition and subtraction more easily. Examples should be presented with the the sum or difference on either side of the equal sign in order to dispel the notion that = means "compute."

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Kiri's Mathematics Match Game:

In all versions, students must engage basic addition and subtraction facts. In the memory version, after a student has turned over one card, in order to know whether there is a match using cards they've seen, they need to to solve equations of the form ?+b=c, b+?=c, ?-b=c, and b-?=c.

Type: Problem-Solving Task

Tutorials

Subtraction - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in a subtraction equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial

Addition - Using Equations and Symbols to Find an Unknown:

In this tutorial, you will learn to use symbols to record an unknown whole number in an addition equation relating to three whole numbers.

Type: Tutorial