MAFS.K.CC.2.4Archived Standard

Understand the relationship between numbers and quantities; connect counting to cardinality.
  1. When counting objects, say the number names in the standard order, pairing each object with one and only one number name and each number name with one and only one object.
  2. Understand that the last number name said tells the number of objects counted. The number of objects is the same regardless of their arrangement or the order in which they were counted.
  3. Understand that each successive number name refers to a quantity that is one larger.
General Information
Subject Area: Mathematics
Grade: K
Domain-Subdomain: Counting and Cardinality
Cluster: Level 1: Recall
Cluster: Count to tell the number of objects. (Major Cluster) -

Clusters should not be sorted from Major to Supporting and then taught in that order. To do so would strip the coherence of the mathematical ideas and miss the opportunity to enhance the major work of the grade with the supporting clusters.

Date Adopted or Revised: 02/14
Content Complexity Rating: Level 1: Recall - More Information
Date of Last Rating: 02/14
Status: State Board Approved - Archived

Related Courses

This benchmark is part of these courses.
5012020: Grade Kindergarten Mathematics (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
7712015: Access Mathematics - Grade Kindergarten (Specifically in versions: 2014 - 2015, 2015 - 2018, 2018 - 2022, 2022 and beyond (current))
5020070: STEM Lab Kindergarten (Specifically in versions: 2016 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))
5012005: Foundational Skills in Mathematics K-2 (Specifically in versions: 2019 - 2022, 2022 - 2024, 2024 and beyond (current))

Related Access Points

Alternate version of this benchmark for students with significant cognitive disabilities.

Related Resources

Vetted resources educators can use to teach the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Educational Games

Curious George - Flower Garden:

Flowers are popping up everywhere! Help George keep track of how many there are by counting with him.

Type: Educational Game

Curious George - Count with George and Allie:

Count along as Allie counts up to 20 objects in a counting book for George.

Type: Educational Game

Mingle & Count: A Game of Number Sense:

In this 5-minute video Barbara McCormick demonstrates an activity that helps her Kindergarten students develop number sense. Students mingle and, on the teacher's signal, form themselves into groups of a given number. This active experience with equal groups helps build the foundation for multiplication and division with remainders. A sidebar provides reflection questions for viewers. A downloadable transcript (doc) of the video is included.

Type: Educational Game

Formative Assessments

Conservation of Cardinality:

Students are asked to count a set of cubes, rearrange the cubes, and then determine the number of cubes in the rearranged set.

Type: Formative Assessment

Which Set Has One More?:

Students identify the set that contains one more than a given number.

Type: Formative Assessment

Is it Still Seven?:

Students are asked to count a set of seven cubes, rearrange the cubes, and then determine the number of cubes in the rearranged set.

Type: Formative Assessment

How Many Dots Are There?:

Students count to tell how many dots are on the cards.

Type: Formative Assessment

Books and Bookmarks:

Students are asked to count eight books and decide how many bookmarks they would need if they gave each book a bookmark.

Type: Formative Assessment

Image/Photograph

Clipart ETC: Counting:

This collection contains over 630 clipart images that can be used for counting. There are Florida-themed flash cards for numbers 0 - 10 offered in English, Spanish, and bilingual options. Illustrations of hands depicting finger counting in both American style (beginning with the index finger) and European style (beginning with the thumb) are available. There are also images of 3-dimensional designs made of cubes and illustrations of bundles of sticks and dominoes for teaching skip-counting, addition, and place value.

Type: Image/Photograph

Lesson Plans

Representing Numbers 1-6:

In this lesson, the teacher will go through an interactive and fun way to learn the relationships of numbers and objects for the numbers 1- 6. The lesson will begin with the students acting as the manipulatives for their classmates. Then will get to work with their peers in a fun dice version of bingo. This lesson will expose students to 1:1 correspondence, finding the relationship between quantity and written numerals, cardinality, and conservation of number.

Type: Lesson Plan

Counting With a Caterpillar:

In this lesson, students will be creating a counting book and placing paper cut-outs of fruit on each page of their book. They will point and count each fruit to show their understanding of one-to-one correspondence up to 5. Students will represent each quantity with a written numeral.

Type: Lesson Plan

Counting Cubs:

This lesson should be taught in the beginning of kindergarten. In this lesson, students will focus on counting number 1-5. The use of hands-on manipulatives, story puppets, and stamps are incorporated.

Type: Lesson Plan

Show me 1,2,3,4,5:

This lesson is designed to teach students to write and represent groups of numbers using drawings. This lesson will cover the numbers 1 to 5.

Type: Lesson Plan

We Love Pets!:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will work in teams to determine the best pet toys to buy for a pet daycare.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Crazy Pizza:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will work in teams to determine the best unique pizza topping to add to a restaurant menu.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Mountain Bicycles Inc.:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students, in teams, will make decisions about how to select a new bicycle for a mountain bicycle company to start selling.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Type: Lesson Plan

Mathematical Magic: A basic plan for setting up successful math centers:

In this lesson, students will learn the desired procedures and successful outcomes for conducting daily math centers that will help them become better learners. This lesson includes station activities for counting objects and representing the number with a written numeral. The procedure for math centers can be adapted for use in other grade levels.

Type: Lesson Plan

Counting to Ten With Ten Black Dots:

In this lesson, students will practice one-to-one correspondence and counting to 10 using black dots as manipulative.

Type: Lesson Plan

How Many? Lesson 1 of 3:

The students will show understanding of the conservation of numbers regardless of the order in which objects were counted. The students will be able to tell "how many" without recounting objects and be able to explain that the amount is the same because no objects were added or taken away. 

Type: Lesson Plan

How Many? Lesson 2 of 3:

In this lesson, students will show understanding of the conservation of numbers regardless of the order in which they were counted. Student will be able to tell "how many" without recounting objects and be able to explain that the amount is the same because no objects were added or taken away.

Type: Lesson Plan

How Many? Lesson 3 of 3:

In this lesson, students will show understanding that "one more" is the next counting number. Student will be able to tell "how many" without recounting objects and be able to explain that the total amount is the next counting number because it is one more.

Type: Lesson Plan

Original Student Tutorials

Lucy is 5! Recognizing and Writing Number 5:

Learn to how to recognize and write the number 5 and count up to 5 objects using 10 frames and number lines as you help Lucy the dog plan a party in this interactive tutorial.  

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Circus Time With Number 4, Recognizing and Writing Number 4:

Help Lucy the dog recognize and write number 4.  She will also learn to count up to 4 objects using a ten frame and number line in this interactive tutorial.  

Type: Original Student Tutorial

We Have 2 Bones! Recognizing and Writing Number 2:

Help Lucy and Izzy learn to recognize and write the number 2. In this interactive tutorial, you'll also count two objects and use a 10 frame and a number line. 

This is part 2 in a multi-part series. Click below to open the other tutorials.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Where Is My Bone? Recognizing and Writing Numbers 0 and 1:

Help Lucy and Izzy explore the numbers 0 and 1 using writing, ten frames and number lines in this interactive tutorial.  

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Count a Group of 0 to 5 Objects:

Help Gabriella and Olivia count groups of objects from 0 to 5 in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Presentation/Slideshow

Counting- A World of Numbers :

In this lessons students will use this accessible, easy-to-read book that shows objects up to ten. It can be downloaded and used with PowerPoint, Impress, or Flash. It can be used on the Intellikeys keyboard with a custom overlay, or even used with 1-3 switches.

Type: Presentation/Slideshow

Teaching Ideas

Thinking Math. Questions to ask and games to play to help children think mathematically.:

This resource provides teaching ideas related to counting and comparing/sorting different items.

Type: Teaching Idea

The Incredible Invertebrate Counting Book-SeaWorld Classroom Activity:

In this activity, the students will define invertebrate. The student will answer various questions about invertebrates that result in numeric answers and place the answers in numerical order.

Type: Teaching Idea

Thinking Math. Questions to ask and games to play to help children think mathematically.:

This resource provides teaching ideas related to counting and comparing/sorting different items.

Type: Teaching Idea

How Many Seeds?:

In this activity, students demonstrate that they know the value of numbers by writing numerals and gluing seeds on paper apples.

Type: Teaching Idea

Text Resource

Bibliography of Counting Books:

A printable list of nine counting book references.

Type: Text Resource

Unit/Lesson Sequence

Let's Count to 20:

In this 6-lesson unit, students make groups of 10 to 20 objects, connect number names to the groups, compose and decompose numbers, and use numerals to record the size of a group. Visual, auditory, and kinesthetic activities are included in each lesson.

Individual Lessons

    • This lesson focuses on numbers 0-10, having students making groups of objects, identifying and writing numerals, and recording the number of objects in groups. First the teacher will use the concept of a "high five" to get students to make "high tens" and so on with numbers up to ten. Next they will use connecting cubes to build towers and compare them using descriptive vocabulary. They will use ten frames to lay down the conceptual framework for benchmark numbers, fives and tens. Finally they will make bean sticks to be used in a later lesson.
  • Lesson 2: Building Sets of 11 and 12
    • This lesson focuses on learning the numerals 11 and 12. First students will be shown the numeral 11 and asked how many tens and ones are in it. They will be given 10 each of two different colors of connecting blocks, and asked to make a tower of ten of one color, then add one of the other color. This will reinforce the concept of ten as a single unit. Next they will make a tower of 12, and then they will trace their tower and color it accordingly.
  • Lesson 3: Building Sets of 13 and 14
    • This lesson focuses on learning the numerals 13 and 14. First students will be shown the numerals 13 and 14 and asked to clap and count to each. They will be given 10 each of two different colors of connecting blocks, and asked to make a tower of ten of one color, then add the appropriate number of the other color. They will then trace their tower and color it accordingly. They will then use two ten frames to place the cubes and count out their numbers individually.
  • Lesson 4: Building Sets of 15 and 16
    • This lesson focuses on learning the numerals 15 and 16. First students will be given connecting cubes arranged in a set of 12-16 cubes and are asked to separate them into a group of ten and the rest singles. Then they are given loose cubes of two colors and asked to make a tower of 10 of one color, and add 5 of the other color. Students will trace the tower and color it accordingly, then write "15" using the first crayon color for the "1" and the other color for the "5". They will repeat this activity for 16. Next, they will then use two ten frames to place the cubes and count out their numbers individually. Lastly, they will use their bean sticks to count out and draw 15 and 16.
  • Lesson 5: Building Sets of 17 and 18
    • This lesson focuses on learning the numerals 17 and 18. First students will be distributed number cards and bags of connecting cubes, then asked to determine if their numeral card matches the number of cubes in the bag. If not, they are to determine whose bag does and trade with them. Next, they will be shown the numeral 18 and asked to clap and count it out. They will be given connecting cubes and asked to model 18 (and then 17) in ten frames. Then they will sort the cubes and record them into as many sets of two as they can. The next activity uses a spinner applet to randomly pick numbers 10-20 for the students to assemble towers and model bean sticks.
  • Lesson 6: Building Sets of 19 and 20
    • This lesson focuses on sets of 19 and 20. Students use ten frames, connecting cubes and bean sticks to compare other sets to a set of 20, construct and decompose, identify, write, and record groups of up to 20.

Type: Unit/Lesson Sequence

Video/Audio/Animation

100's Day:

What does 100 look like? Sound like? Feel like? In this video from Teacher's Domain, Curious George helps students explore the many ways to measure 100 things.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Virtual Manipulative

Ten Frame:

This applet contains four games (How Many?, Build, Fill, and Add) that utilize a frame with ten slots for students to place objects, which helps students develop counting and addition skills.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

STEM Lessons - Model Eliciting Activity

Crazy Pizza:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will work in teams to determine the best unique pizza topping to add to a restaurant menu.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

Mountain Bicycles Inc.:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students, in teams, will make decisions about how to select a new bicycle for a mountain bicycle company to start selling.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

We Love Pets!:

In this Model Eliciting Activity, MEA, students will work in teams to determine the best pet toys to buy for a pet daycare.

Model Eliciting Activities, MEAs, are open-ended, interdisciplinary problem-solving activities that are meant to reveal students’ thinking about the concepts embedded in realistic situations. MEAs resemble engineering problems and encourage students to create solutions in the form of mathematical and scientific models. Students work in teams to apply their knowledge of science and mathematics to solve an open-ended problem, while considering constraints and tradeoffs. Students integrate their ELA skills into MEAs as they are asked to clearly document their thought process. MEAs follow a problem-based, student centered approach to learning, where students are encouraged to grapple with the problem while the teacher acts as a facilitator. To learn more about MEA’s visit: https://www.cpalms.org/cpalms/mea.aspx

MFAS Formative Assessments

Books and Bookmarks:

Students are asked to count eight books and decide how many bookmarks they would need if they gave each book a bookmark.

Conservation of Cardinality:

Students are asked to count a set of cubes, rearrange the cubes, and then determine the number of cubes in the rearranged set.

How Many Dots Are There?:

Students count to tell how many dots are on the cards.

Is it Still Seven?:

Students are asked to count a set of seven cubes, rearrange the cubes, and then determine the number of cubes in the rearranged set.

Which Set Has One More?:

Students identify the set that contains one more than a given number.

Original Student Tutorials Mathematics - Grades K-5

Circus Time With Number 4, Recognizing and Writing Number 4:

Help Lucy the dog recognize and write number 4.  She will also learn to count up to 4 objects using a ten frame and number line in this interactive tutorial.  

Count a Group of 0 to 5 Objects:

Help Gabriella and Olivia count groups of objects from 0 to 5 in this interactive tutorial.

Lucy is 5! Recognizing and Writing Number 5:

Learn to how to recognize and write the number 5 and count up to 5 objects using 10 frames and number lines as you help Lucy the dog plan a party in this interactive tutorial.  

We Have 2 Bones! Recognizing and Writing Number 2:

Help Lucy and Izzy learn to recognize and write the number 2. In this interactive tutorial, you'll also count two objects and use a 10 frame and a number line. 

This is part 2 in a multi-part series. Click below to open the other tutorials.

Where Is My Bone? Recognizing and Writing Numbers 0 and 1:

Help Lucy and Izzy explore the numbers 0 and 1 using writing, ten frames and number lines in this interactive tutorial.  

Student Resources

Vetted resources students can use to learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Original Student Tutorials

Lucy is 5! Recognizing and Writing Number 5:

Learn to how to recognize and write the number 5 and count up to 5 objects using 10 frames and number lines as you help Lucy the dog plan a party in this interactive tutorial.  

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Circus Time With Number 4, Recognizing and Writing Number 4:

Help Lucy the dog recognize and write number 4.  She will also learn to count up to 4 objects using a ten frame and number line in this interactive tutorial.  

Type: Original Student Tutorial

We Have 2 Bones! Recognizing and Writing Number 2:

Help Lucy and Izzy learn to recognize and write the number 2. In this interactive tutorial, you'll also count two objects and use a 10 frame and a number line. 

This is part 2 in a multi-part series. Click below to open the other tutorials.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Where Is My Bone? Recognizing and Writing Numbers 0 and 1:

Help Lucy and Izzy explore the numbers 0 and 1 using writing, ten frames and number lines in this interactive tutorial.  

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Count a Group of 0 to 5 Objects:

Help Gabriella and Olivia count groups of objects from 0 to 5 in this interactive tutorial.

Type: Original Student Tutorial

Educational Games

Curious George - Flower Garden:

Flowers are popping up everywhere! Help George keep track of how many there are by counting with him.

Type: Educational Game

Curious George - Count with George and Allie:

Count along as Allie counts up to 20 objects in a counting book for George.

Type: Educational Game

Presentation/Slideshow

Counting- A World of Numbers :

In this lessons students will use this accessible, easy-to-read book that shows objects up to ten. It can be downloaded and used with PowerPoint, Impress, or Flash. It can be used on the Intellikeys keyboard with a custom overlay, or even used with 1-3 switches.

Type: Presentation/Slideshow

Video/Audio/Animation

100's Day:

What does 100 look like? Sound like? Feel like? In this video from Teacher's Domain, Curious George helps students explore the many ways to measure 100 things.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Virtual Manipulative

Ten Frame:

This applet contains four games (How Many?, Build, Fill, and Add) that utilize a frame with ten slots for students to place objects, which helps students develop counting and addition skills.

Type: Virtual Manipulative

Parent Resources

Vetted resources caregivers can use to help students learn the concepts and skills in this benchmark.

Text Resource

Bibliography of Counting Books:

A printable list of nine counting book references.

Type: Text Resource

Video/Audio/Animation

100's Day:

What does 100 look like? Sound like? Feel like? In this video from Teacher's Domain, Curious George helps students explore the many ways to measure 100 things.

Type: Video/Audio/Animation

Virtual Manipulative

Ten Frame:

This applet contains four games (How Many?, Build, Fill, and Add) that utilize a frame with ten slots for students to place objects, which helps students develop counting and addition skills.

Type: Virtual Manipulative